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Acclaimed for helping novice behavioral scientists hit the ground running as producers of meaningful research, this text now has been extensively revised with 55% new material, including current guidance on open science; transparency; replication; and quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods reporting standards. The book provides the conceptual knowledge and practical skills needed to bridge the gap between introductory research design and analysis courses and execution of an independent study. In a candid, conversational style, Rex B. Kline guides the reader to choose appropriate research designs and analysis options; avoid common fallacies in interpreting the outcomes of statistical tests; make informed measurement choices; screen data for problems that could yield inaccurate results; and craft effective theses, journal articles, and presentations. Revised pedagogical features include engaging examples from published studies and student theses, as well as end-of-chapter exercises with answers.
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ebook THE GUILFORD PRESS Becoming a BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE RESEARCHER Also Available Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, Fourth Edition Rex B. Kline Becoming a BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE RESEARCHER A Guide to Producing Research That Matters SECOND EDITION Rex B. Kline THE GUILFORD PRESS New York London For Joanna, Julia, and Luke Copyright © 2020 The Guilford Press A Division of Guilford Publications, Inc. 370 Seventh Avenue, Suite 1200, New York, NY 10001 www.guilford.com All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher. Printed in the United States of America This book is printed on acid-free paper. Last digit is print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Kline, Rex B., author. Title: Becoming a behavioral science researcher : a guide to producing research that matters / Rex B. Kline. Description: Second edition. | New York : Guilford Press, [2020] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019010917| ISBN 9781462538799 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781462541287 (hardcover) Subjects: LCSH: Psychology—Research. Classification: LCC BF76.5 .K54 2020 | DDC 150.72—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019010917 Preface and Acknowledgments T here have been major developments in the behavioral sciences since the publication of the first edition of this book in 2009. To summarize: 1. The replication crisis expanded from mainly an academic debate within psychology to a much broader public issue that now involves other disciplines, too. The crisis involves the growing problem of failed reproducibility of published research in psychology and other areas. 2. Awareness of the potential for p hacking, or how basically any result can be presented as statistically significant through decisions that are not always disclosed, has increased to the point where the credibility of our research literature is cast in doubt. That p hacking is an enabler of scientific fraud also contributes to a credibility crisis. 3. The use of significance testing was banned by a major journal in social psychology, and increasing numbers of journals, especially in health-related fields, basically forbid the use of significance testing without estimating effect sizes. v vi Preface and Acknowledgments 4. Reforms from the open-science movement, including open access, open data, open peer review, and preregistration of analysis plans, are being implemented by more and more journals and government agencies that fund research.