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ZAMYATIN’S WE A Collection of Critical Essay Edited & Introduced by Gary Kern Ardis, Ann Arbor Gary Kern, Zamyatin's We Copyright © 1988 by Ardis Publishers All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Printed in the United States of America Ardis Publishers 2901 Heatherway Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Zamiatin's We. Bibliography: p. 1. Zamiatin, Evgenii Ivanovich, 1884-1937. My. 1. Kern, Gary. PG3476.Z34M938 1988 891.73’42 88-3502 ISBN 0-88233-804-8 (alk. paper) Contents Introduction 9 THE SOVIET VIEW I. 23 1. Alexander Voronsky: Evgeny Zamyatin 2. Viktor Shklovsky: Evgeny Zamyatin’s Ceiling 3. M. M. Kuznetsov: Evgeny Zamyatin 4. O. N. Mikhailov: Zamyatin II. MYTHIC CRITICISM 25 49 51 56 59 5. Richard A. Gregg: Two Adams and Eve in the Crystal Palace: Dostoevsky, the Bible, and We 61 6. Christopher Collins: Zamyatin’s We as Myth 7. Owen Ulph: I-330: Reconsiderations on the Sex of Satan III. AESTHETICS 70 80 93 8. Carl R. Proffer: Notes on the Imagery in Zamyatin’s We 9. Ray Parrott: The Eye in We 106 10. Gary Kern: Zamyatin’s Stylization 11. Milton Ehre: Zamyatin’s Aesthetics 12. Susan Layton: Zamyatin and Literary Modernism 118 130 140 95 13. Leighton Brett Cooke: Ancient and Modern Mathematics in Zamyatin's We 149 IV. INFLUENCES AND COMPARISONS 14. Elizabeth Stenbock-Fermor: A Neglected Source of Zamyatin’s We 171 Addendum: “The New Utopia” by Jerome K. Jerome 173 15. Kathleen Lewis & Harry Weber: Zamyatin’s We, the Proletarian Poets and Bogdanov’s Red Star 186 16. E. J. Brown: Brave New World, 1984 & We: An Essay on Anti-Utopia 209 17. John J. White: Mathematical Imagery in Musil’s Young Törless and Zamyatin's We 228 18. Istvan Csicsery-Ronay, Jr.: Zamyatin and the Strugatskys: The Representation of Freedom in We and The Snail on the Slope 236 New Zamyatin Materials: 169 261 263 1. The Presentists (1918) 2. Four Letters to Lev Lunts (1923-24) 266 3. A Letter from Ilya Ehrenburg (1926) 272 4. Excerpts from Unpublished Letters to his Wife (1929-30) 5. The Modern Russian Theater (1931) 6. The Future of the Theater (1931) 7. Auto-Interview (1932) Sources 295 301 Bibliography for Further Reading 305 277 290 273 Acknowledgments Grateful acknowledgment is made to the following publications for permission to reprint copyright material: Slavic Review: Richard A. Gregg, “Two Adams and Eve in the Crystal Palace: Dostoevsky, the Bible, and We” (No. 4, 1965). Slavic and East European Journal: Carl R. Proffer, “Notes on the Imag ery in Zamjatin's We” (No. 3, 1963); Milton Ehre, “Zamjatin’s Aesthetics” (No. 3, 1975); Susan Layton, "Zamjatin and Literary Modernism” (No. 3, 1973); Christopher Collins, “Zamjatin’s We as Myth” (No. 2, 1966). Comparative Literature: John J. White, “Mathematical Imagery in Musil’s Young Törless and Zamyatin’s We” XVIII (1966). Russian Review: Elizabeth Stenbock-Fermor, “A Neglected Source of Zamiatin’s Novel ‘We’” (No. 2, 1973). Other published essays and materials first appeared in Russian Literature Triquarterly, published by Ardis.