Sixth Edition APA Style Guide to Electronic References Copyright © 2012 by the American Psychological Association. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, including, but not limited to, the process of scanning and digitization, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Published by American Psychological Association 750 First Street, NE Washington, DC 20002 www.apa.org To order APA Order Department P.O. Box 92984 Washington, DC 20090-2984 Tel: (800) 374-2721; Direct: (202) 336-5510 Fax: (202) 336-5502; TDD/TTY: (202) 336-6123 Online: www.apa.org/pubs/books E-mail:
[email protected] Typeset in Sabon, Futura, and Univers by Circle Graphics, Columbia, MD APA Editorial and Production Staff APA Books Editorial Director: Mary Lynn Skutley Senior Editor, APA Style: Anne W. Gasque Production Manager: Jennifer M. Meidinger Production Editor: Harriet Kaplan APA Journals Director, Editorial Services: Paige Jackson Editorial Supervisor: Jeffery Hume-Pratuch Manuscript Editor II: Chelsea Lee Manuscript Editor II: Stefanie Lazer 1-4338-0704-1 978-1-4338-0704-6 Contents Electronic Media How References Are Constructed 2 Notation 2 General Guidelines 4 Consistency 4 Use of the Archival Copy of Version of Record 4 Electronic Sources and Locator Information 4 Understanding a URL 4 The DOI System 5 The DOI as article identifier 5 The linking function of DOIs 6 Providing Publication Data for Electronic Sources 6 General Guidance on Including DOIs and URLs 6 Reference Examples Periodicals 11 General Reference Formats 11 1. Journal article with DOI 12 2. Journal article with DOI, eight or more authors 12 3. Journal article with DOI, reprinted from another source, translated 12 4. Journal article without DOI (when DOI is not available) 12 5. Journal article with DOI, advance online publication 13 6. In-press article 13 7. Magazine article 13 8. Newsletter article, no author 14 9. Newspaper article 14 iii iv CONTENTS 10. Monograph as part of journal issue 14 11. Online-only supplemental material in a periodical 14 12. Abstract as original source 15 13. Abstract as secondary source 15 Books, Book Chapters, and Reference Books 15 General Reference Formats 15 Entire book 15 Chapter in a book or entry in a reference book 16 Entry in an online reference with no byline 16 14. Electronic version of print book 16 15. Electronic-only book 17 16. Entire book from an online library 17 17. Republished book 17 18. Limited-circulation book or monograph, from electronic database 17 19. Chapter in an edited book 18 20. Book chapter in a volume in a series 18 21. Reference work 18 22. Entry in a reference work 18 23. Entry in a reference work, no author or editor 18 24. Entry in Wikipedia 19 25. Archived entry in Wikipedia 19 Technical and Research Reports and Other Gray Literature 19 General Reference Formats 20 26. Corporate author, government report 20 27. Corporate author, task force report filed online 20 28. Authored report, from nongovernmental organization 20 29. Report from institutional archive 20 30. Press release 21 31. White paper 21 32. Fact sheet 21 33. Brochure 21 34. Policy brief 21 Meetings and Symposia 21 General Reference Formats 22 Symposium 22 Paper presentation or poster session 22 35. Conference paper abstract 22 36. Proceedings published regularly 22 37. Proceedings published in book form 22 Doctoral Dissertations and Master’s Theses 22 General Reference Formats 23 Doctoral dissertation or master’s thesis retrieved from a database service 23 Unpublished dissertation or ma