Toc: Cover......Page 1Brief Contents......Page 6Contents......Page 7Chapter 1: What Is Psychology?......Page 11Psychology As A Science......Page 13Historical Foundations Of Psychology......Page 16Contemporary Perspectives In Psychology......Page 20How Psychologists Study Behavior And Mental Processes......Page 24Methods Of Research......Page 27Ethics In Psychological Research......Page 32Critical Thinking......Page 33Chapter 2: Biology And Psychology......Page 39The Nervous System: On Being Wired......Page 41The Divisions Of The Nervous System......Page 47The Brain: Wider Than The Sky......Page 50A Voyage Through The Brain......Page 52The Cerebral Cortex......Page 55The Endocrine System......Page 58Evolution And Heredity......Page 61Chapter 3: Sensation And Perception......Page 71Sensation And Perception......Page 72Vision......Page 76Visual Perception......Page 82Hearing......Page 89The Other Senses......Page 93ESP: Is There Perception Without Sensation?......Page 96Chapter 4: Consciousness......Page 101What Is Consciousness?......Page 102Sleep And Dreams......Page 105Altering Consciousness: Hypnosis, Meditation, And Biofeedback......Page 111Altering Consciousness Through Drugs......Page 115Depressants......Page 117Stimulants......Page 119Hallucinogenics......Page 123Chapter 5: Learning......Page 129Learning, Experience, And Change......Page 130Classical Conditioning: Learning What Is Linked To What......Page 131Applications Of Classical Conditioning......Page 135Operant Conditioning: Learning What Does What To What......Page 138Applications Of Operant Conditioning......Page 145Cognitive Factors In Learning......Page 147Chapter 6: Memory: Remembrance Of Things Past—and Future......Page 155Kinds Of Memory......Page 156Processes Of Memory......Page 159Sensory Memory......Page 162Short-Term Memory......Page 163Long-Term Memory......Page 166Forgetting......Page 170The Biology Of Memory......Page 176Chapter 7: Thinking, Language, And Intelligence......Page 183Thinking......Page 184Language......Page 190Language Development: The Two-Year Explosion......Page 194Theories Of Intelligence......Page 198The Measurement Of Intelligence......Page 202Nature And Nurture In Intelligence......Page 207Chapter 8: Motivation And Emotion......Page 213The Psychology Of Motivation......Page 214Theories Of Motivation......Page 215Hunger......Page 218Sexual Motivation And Sexual Orientation......Page 223Achievement Motivation......Page 228Emotion......Page 229Theories Of Emotion......Page 233Chapter 9: The Voyage Through The Life Span......Page 241Prenatal Development......Page 242Childhood: Physical Development......Page 244Childhood: Cognitive Development......Page 246Childhood: Social And Emotional Development......Page 253Adolescence......Page 256Emerging Adulthood......Page 260Adulthood......Page 261Chapter 10: Personality: Theory And Measurement......Page 269The Psychodynamic Perspecti