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CAMBRIDGE CLASSICAL TEXTS A N D C O M M E N TA R I E S EDITORS J. D I G G L E N . H O P K I N S O N S . P. OA K L E Y J. G. F. P O W E L L M . D. R E E V E D. N . S E D L E Y R . J. TA R R A N T 48 SOPHOCLES: AJAX S OP HOC L ES AJAX E D I T E D W I T H I N T RO D U C T I O N, TRAN SLATION, AND COMMENTARY BY P. J. F I N G LA S S University of Nottingham C A M B R I D G E U N I VE R S I T Y PRE S S Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, S˜ao Paulo, Delhi, Tokyo, Mexico City Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107003071 ⃝ C P. J. Finglass 2011 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2011 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Sophocles. Ajax / Sophocles ; edited with introduction and commentary by P. J. Finglass. p. cm. – (Cambridge classical texts and commentaries ; 48) Text in Greek; notes in English. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-107-00307-1 (hardback) 1. Ajax (Greek mythology) – Drama. I. Finglass, Patrick, 1979– II. Title. PA4413.A5 2011 882′ .01 – dc22 2011008377 ISBN 978-1-107-00307-1 Hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. DONALDO RUSSELL NONAGENARIO CONTE NTS Preface page ix I N T RO D U C T I O N 1 Date 2 Festival 3 Production 4 Myth 5 Heroism 6 Unity 7 Politics 8 Text 1 1 11 11 26 42 51 57 59 T EXT AN D CRITIC AL AP PARATUS Index siglorum !"#"$%&"'! ()(! 71 72 77 C O M M E N TA RY Prologue (1–133) Parodos (134–200) First episode, part one (201–347) Kommos (348–429) First episode, part two (430–595) First stasimon (596–645) Second episode (646–92) Second stasimon (693–718) Third episode, part one (719–814) Third episode, part two (815–65) Epiparodos and kommos (866–973) Fourth episode (974–1184) Third stasimon (1185–1222) Exodos (1223–1420) vii 133 135 175 202 238 264 313 328 341 351 375 389 416 469 478 CONTENTS BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 Abbreviations: reference works 2 Abbreviations: scholars’ names 3 Abbreviations: standard works on Sophocles 4 Editions of Sophocles’ Ajax 5 Translations of Sophocles’ Ajax 6 Works cited by author’s name 7 Works cited by author’s name with date 526 526 529 530 530 532 532 540 INDEXES Index of subjects Index of Greek 591 605 viii P R E FAC E It is a pleasure to record the assistance which I have received from friends, colleagues, and institutions during my work on this book. First thanks are owed to James Diggle, who read each section of the commentary as soon it was ready. Lyndsay Coo, Michael Reeve, and Martin West read the complete typescript, and Malcolm Davies and Neil Hopkinson substantial sections of it; Scott Scullion and Alan Sommerstein commented on the Introduction and discussion of the staging of Ajax’s death. I am grateful to the staff of the Hallward library in Nottingham, the Bodleian, Sackler, and Taylorian libraries in Oxford, the British, National Art, and Institute of Classical Studies libraries in London, and the Universiteitsbibliotheek in Leiden. The kindness of Al