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Employment Law for Business page i Ninth Edition Dawn D. BennettAlexander University of Georgia Laura P. Hartman DePaul University page ii EMPLOYMENT LAW FOR BUSINESS, NINTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121. Copyright © 2019 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Previous editions © 2015, 2012, and 2009. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education, including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States. This book is printed on acid-free paper. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LCR 21 20 19 18 17 ISBN 978-1-259-72233-2 MHID 1-259-72233-3 Portfolio Manager: Kathleen Klehr Product Developers: Jaroslaw Szymanski and Michael McCormick Marketing Manager: Michelle Williams Content Project Managers: Pat Frederickson and Angela Norris Buyer: Susan K. Culbertson Designer: Egzon Shaqiri Content Licensing Specialist: Carrie Burger Cover Image: ©Diane Labombarbe/iStock/Getty Images Compositor: SPi Global All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Bennett-Alexander, Dawn, author. | Hartman, Laura Pincus, author. Title: Employment law for business / Dawn D. Bennett-Alexander, University of Georgia; Laura P. Hartman, DePaul University. Description: Ninth edition. | New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017047701| ISBN 9781259722332 (alk. paper) | ISBN 1259722333 (alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Labor laws and legislation—United States. | Discrimination in employment—Law and legislation—United States. | LCGFT: Casebooks Classification: LCC KF3455.B46 2018 | DDC 344.7301—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017047701 The Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion of a website does not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw-Hill Education, and McGraw-Hill Education does not guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at these sites. mheducation.com/highered Dedication page iii To my Ancestors who endured the Middle Passage, slavery, and its aftermath, so that I could exist; and my parents, Rev. William H., and Anne P. Liles Bennett, who, by their lives of steadfast hard work, faith, and civic engagement made me and my contributions not only possible, but inevitable. —My progeny: Jenniffer Dawn Bennett Alexander Jones Ann Alexis Bennett Alexander Tess Alexandra Bennett Harrison —and my Grands: Makayla Anne Jones Edward Christian Alexander Jones You are such a big part of why I work so hard to make the world a better place. — The indomitable Lizzie Lou Jackson Thomas (1918–2015) who was one of my first introductions into coming to understand the reality of the dehumanizing invisible lives of difference that we lead and that I needed to work to change it. Lizzie Thomas was a long-time member of the church my father pastored. After the birth of my first daughter, Ms. Thomas insisted on giving me the gift of spotlessly cleaning my heretofore unseen house from top to bottom without asking a single question about what went where. When I asked how in page iv the world she knew what to do, her simple answer opened my eyes to an entirely new reality: she was a maid in the homes of the wealthy in Washington, DC. I was stunned. I had known her all my life and had no idea. I only ever knew her as a tiny, hardwo