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<strong>The most trusted guide for helping students read critically and write carefully.
<em>The Norton Introduction to Literature presents an engaging, balanced selection of literature to suit any course. Offering a thorough treatment of historical and critical context, the most comprehensive media package available, and a rich suite of tools to encourage close reading and thoughtful writing, the Shorter Twelfth Edition is unparalleled in its guidance of understanding, analyzing, and writing about literature. ISBN-13: 978-0393938937 ISBN-10: 039393893X
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—-1 —0 —+1 007-67831_ch00_1P.indd a 11/17/16 10:55 PM T H E N O R TO N I N T R O D U C T I O N TO LITERATURE SHORTER T WELF TH EDITION —-1 —0 —+1 007-67831_ch00_1P.indd i 11/17/16 10:55 PM -1— 0— +1— 007-67831_ch00_1P.indd ii 11/17/16 10:55 PM T H E N O RTO N I N T RO D U C T I O N TO LITERATURE SHORTER T WELF TH EDITION KELLY J. MAYS U N I V E R S I T Y O F N E VA DA , L A S V EG A S B W. W. N O RTO N & COM PANY N e w Yo r k , L o n d o n —-1 —0 —+1 007-67831_ch00_1P.indd iii 11/17/16 10:55 PM W. W. Norton & Company has been independent since its founding in 1923, when William Warder Norton and Mary D. Herter Norton fi rst published lectures delivered at the People’s Institute, the adult education division of New York City’s Cooper Union. The fi rm soon expanded its program beyond the Institute, publishing books by celebrated academics from America and abroad. By mid-century, the two major pillars of Norton’s publishing program— trade books and college texts—were fi rmly established. In the 1950s, the Norton family transferred control of the company to its employees, and today—with a staff of four hundred and a comparable number of trade, college, and professional titles published each year—W. W. Norton & Company stands as the largest and oldest publishing house owned wholly by its employees. Editor: Spencer Richardson-Jones Project Editor: Christine D’Antonio Associate Editor: Emily Stuart Editorial Assistant: Rachel Taylor Manuscript Editor: Jude Grant Managing Editor, College: Marian Johnson Managing Editor, College Digital Media: Kim Yi Production Manager: Ashley Horna Media Editor: Carly Fraser Doria Assistant Media Editor: Cara Folkman Media Editorial Assistant: Ava Bramson Marketing Manager, Literature: Kimberly Bowers Design Director: Rubina Yeh Book Designer: Jo Anne Metsch Photo Editor: Evan Luberger Photo Research: Julie Tesser Permissions Manager: Megan Schindel Permissions Clearer: Margaret Gorenstein Composition: Westchester Book Group Manufacturing: LSC Communications Copyright © 2017, 2016, 2013, 2010, 2006, 2002, 1998, 1995, 1991, 1986, 1981, 1977, 1973 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Permission to use copyrighted material is included in the permissions acknowledgments section of this book, which begins on page A15. The Library of Congress has cataloged an earlier edition as follows: Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Norton Introduction to Literature / [edited by] Kelly J. Mays, University Of Nevada, Las Vegas. — Shorter Twelfth Edition. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-393-93892-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Literature— Collections. I. Mays, Kelly J., editor. PN6014.N67 2016 808.8— dc23 2015034604 This edition: ISBN 978-0-393-62357-4 W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10110 www.wwnorton.com -1— 0— +1— W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., 15 Carlisle Street, London W1D 3BS 1 2 3 4 007-67831_ch00_1P.indd iv 5 6 7 8 9<