E-Book Overview
Nine years has passed since the 1992 second edition of the encyclopedia was published. This completely revised third edition, which is a university and professional level compendium of chemistry, molecular biology, mathematics, and engineering, is refreshed with numerous articles about current research in these fields. For example, the new edition has an increased emphasis on information processing and biotechnology, reflecting the rapid growth of these areas. The continuing Editor-in-Chief, Robert Meyers, and the Board prepared a new topical outline of physical science and technology to define complete coverage. Section editors are either Nobel Laureates or editors of key journals in their fields. Additional Board members representing the global scientific community were also recruited.
E-Book Content
P1: GRB/GJK P2: FYK Final Pages Qu: 00, 00, 00, 00 Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology EN004I-186 June 8, 2001 18:54 Drinking Water Quality and Treatment Dan Askenaizer Montgomery Watson Engineers I. Overview of Drinking Water Sources II. Protection of Source Water III. Overview of Basic Drinking Water Treatment Processes IV. Disinfection V. Distribution System VI. Disinfection By-Products VII. Alternatives to Chlorination VIII. Advanced Treatment Methods IX. New Emerging Issues for Disinfection X. Drinking Water Regulations GLOSSARY Disinfection Water systems add disinfectants to destroy microorganisms that can cause disease in humans. Primary methods of disinfection include chlorination, chloramines, chlorine dioxide, ozone, and ultraviolet light. Disinfection byproducts Side reactions can occur in water when chemical oxidants such as chlorine and ozone are used to control potentially pathogenic microorganisms. These reactions can form low levels of disinfection byproducts, several