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Fabricators’ and Erectors’ Guide to Welded Steel Construction By Omer W. Blodgett, P.E., Sc.D. R. Scott Funderburk Duane K. Miller, P.E., Sc.D. Marie Quintana, P.E. This information has been provided by The James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation to assist the general welding industry. The serviceability of a product or structure utilizing the type of information presented herein is, and must be, the sole responsibility of the builder/user. Many variables beyond the control of The James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation or The Lincoln Electric Company affect the results obtained in applying this type of information. These variables include, but are not limited to, welding procedure, plate chemistry and temperature, weldment design, fabrication methods, and service requirements. This guide makes extensive reference to the AWS D1.1 Structural Welding Code-Steel, but it is not intended to be a comprehensive review of all code requirements, nor is it intended to be a substitution for the D1.1 code. Users of this guide are encouraged to obtain a copy of the latest edition of the D1.1 code from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126, (800) 443-9353. Copyright © 1999 Fabricators’ and Erectors’ Guide to Welded Steel Construction Table of Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2 Welding Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2.1 SMAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2.2 FCAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 2.3 SAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 2.4 GMAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .