Organic Chemistry Concepts and Applications for Medicinal Chemistry JOSEPH E. RICE Associate Professor of Medicinal Chemistry Department of Medicinal Chemistry Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Piscataway, NJ 08854-8020 AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON NEW YORK • OXFORD • PARIS • SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA 225 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email:
[email protected] Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material. Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Rice, Joseph E., author. Organic chemistry concepts and applications for medicinal chemistry / Joseph E. Rice, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey. pages cm Includes bibliographical references (pages). ISBN 978-0-12-800739-6 1. Clinical chemistry. 2. Biochemistry. 3. Organic compounds. I. Title. QD415.R48 2014 547--dc23 2014005300 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 978-0-12-800739-6 For information on all Academic Press publications vi