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PIGMENT CELL BIOLOGY Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on the Biology of Normal and Atypical Pigment Cell Growth Edited by MYRON GORDON N e w York Zoological S o c i e t / N e w York 1959 ACADEMIC PRESS INC., PUBLISHERS · NEW YORK Copyright©, 1 9 5 9 , by Academic Press Inc. A L L RIGHTS RESERVED N O P A R T O F THIS BOOK M A Y B E REPRODUCED I N A N Y F O R M , BY PHOTOSTAT, M I C R O F I L M , V^ITHOUT WRITTEN OR A N Y OTHER PERMISSION FROM THE MEANS, PUBLISHERS. ACADEMIC PRESS INC. Ill FIFTH AVENUE N E W Y O R K 3 , N. Y. United Kingdom Edition Pubhshed by A C A D E M I C PRESS INC. ( L O N D O N ) L T D . 40 Library PALL of Congress M A L L , LONDON S W Catalog 1 Card Number 59-7681 PRINTED IN T H E UNITED STATES O F A M E R I C A CONTRIBUTORS Memorial Center for Cancer and Allied York, New Yorfc* ARTHUR C . ALLEN, New Diseases, Institute of Histology and General Embryology and Ophthalmic Clinic, University of Padua, Italy] GIUSEPPE ATTARDI, Department of Anthropology, University College, don, England N . A . BARNICOT, Lon Departments of Anatomy and of Dermatology, Uni versity of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois S. W . BECKER, JR., Chester Beatty Research Institute (Institute of Cancer Research: Royal Cancer Hospital), London, England M . S. C . BIRBECK, Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas M . D . Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston, Texas\ F. CHRISTINE BROWN, Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan JEAN B. BURNETT, Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York^ LAWRENCE BURTON, Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M . D . Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Houston, Texas JEFFREY P. CHANG, HERMAN B. CHASE, Biology Department, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Department of Biology, Wayne State University, De troit, Michigan WALTER CHAVIN, H. Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York CLARK DALTON, Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University College of Medicine, and Detroit Institute of Cancer Research, Detroit, Michigan JuLiN FAN, Division of Dermatology, University of Oregon Medical School, Portland, Oregon"^ THOMAS B. FITZPATRICK, * Present Address: University of Miami School of Medicine and Jackson Me morial Hospital, Miami, Florida. t Present Address: Research fellow at the Department of Microbiology, Wash ington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. t Present Address: Department of Psychiatry, The University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee. § Present Address: Hodgkin's Disease Research Foundation, The St. Vincent's Hospital of the City of New York, New York. ** Present Address: Department of Dermatology, Harvard University Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. vi Ç. CONTRIBUTORS S. FORREST, Department of Zoohgy, University of Texas, Austin, Texas Memorial Center for Cancer and Allied Diseases, New York, New York JOSEPH G. FORTNER, Section of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut"* MORRIS FOSTER, Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan ALLEN S. F o x , Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York\ FRANK FRIEDMAN, G