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The idea behind this book grew out of a research project launched by the international group STEP (Science and Technology in the European Peripheries), established in 1999 by historians of science from Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Greece, Turkey, Italy, Russia, Sweden and Denmark. The aim has been to re-examine the historical, and we might also add, the geographical character of science and technology and their institutions in regions and societies within Europe, usually outside mainstream historical analysis. The intended activities of the group have been framed by the following issues: reconsidering the "centre-periphery" model which has been the dominant model in studies on the transfer of scientific knowledge; bringing to the fore the concept of scientific appropriation and attempting to study the construction of various local discourses; systematically examining the relationship between science, politics and the rhetoric of modernisation in societies in the European periphery; joining forces to find out more about scientific travels; using networks to further understand the dynamics and role of scholars on societies in the periphery of Europe; intensifying efforts to catalogue and make available to the international community the archival material in the peripheral countries (http://www. cc. uoa. gr/step, on page 2). As a result of these programmatic guidelines, a meeting was held in Lisbon in September 2000 in which the topic of scientific travels was used as a particularly good unifying theme on which to base a discussion of case studies involving the European peripheries.
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Travels of Learning BOSTON STUDIES IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Editors ROBERTS. COHEN, Boston University JURGEN RENN, Max-Planck-Institute for the History of Science KOSTAS GAVROGLU, University of Athens Editorial Advisory Board THOMAS F. GLICK, Boston University ADOLF GRUNBAUM, University of Pittsburgh SYLVAN S. SCHWEBER, Brandeis University JOHN J. STACHEL, Boston University MARX W. WARTOFSKYt, (Editor 1960-1997) VOLUME233 TRAVELS OF LEARNING A Geography of Science in Europe Edited by ANA SIMOES University of Lisbon, Portugal ANA CARNEIRO New University of Lisbon, Portugal and MARIA PAULA DIOGO New University of Lisbon, Portugal SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V. A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 978-90-481-6281-9 ISBN 978-94-017-3584-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-3584-1 Printed on acid-free paper AII Rights Reserved © 2003Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2003 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. CONTENTS Notes on Contributors vu Preface xiii Travels of Learning. Introductory Remarks Ana Simoes, Ana Carneiro, Maria Paula Diogo 1 A Periphery between Two Centres? Portugal in the Scientific Route from Europe to China Henrique Leitao 19 Scientific Travels of the Greek Scholars in the Eighteenth Century Manolis Patiniotis 47 Yirmisekiz Mehmed c s: Ionian Islands -1 c z en z 0 l> Holland Hungary -1 rn m Cl 0 Germany France Epirus England