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The Steering Committee for the Plan Europe 2000, Project 1: Education, invited the working group to analyse the problems of technical and vocational education projected over the next 30 years, both at se condary school and at university level. This report summarises the findings of approximately two years' research and discussion by the group, coordinated by the undersigned. It is in fact a combined report, although one chapter - the eighth is devoted specifically to university problems. This we consider to be amply justified by the nature of the subjects discussed: it is difficult to make a clear-cut distinction between solutions on the secondary level and solutions on the post-secondary level, especially when they are projected into the future. The group organised its work as follows: it consulted the literature to the extent possible and sought replies to a comprehensive analytical questionnaire from a wide sample of experts in different countries (the composition of the sample is described in the opening section of Appendix A); it arranged many meetings with qualified persons for discussions, as well as visits by individuals or small groups to training institutions in several European countries to meet experts in this field and it took part in national and international congresses and conferen ces on technical and/or vocational training and associated problems.
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EDUCATION AND DIVISION OF LABOUR PLAN EUROPE 2000 PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE EUROPEAN CULTURAL FOUNDATION PROJECT 1 EDUCATING MAN FOR THE 21 ST CENTURY Volume 4 EDUCATION AND DIVISION OF LABOU:R. Scientific Committee of Project I Chairman: Henri J anne (Brussels) Members: J. L. Aranguren (Madrid), Raymond Aron (Paris), Friedrich Edding (Berlin), Alexander King (Paris), Max Kohnstamm (Brussels), M. J. Langeveld (Utrecht) J. A. Lauwerys (Canada), J. Stuart Maclure (London), Raymond Poignant (Paris), W. Schultze (Frankfurt), T. Segerstedt (Uppsala), A. Visalberghi (Rome). Director: Ladislav Cerych (Paris). EDUCATION AND DIVISION OF LABOUR MIDDLE- AND LONG-TERM PROSPECTIVES IN EUROPEAN TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION by ALDO VISALBERGHI with the cooperation of Luigi Borelli, Maria Caprioli, Maria Corda Costa, Giuseppe Fioravanti, Daniela Stefanucci, Benedetto Vertecchi MARTINUS NI]HOFF / THE HAGUE / 1973 This study has been realised with support of the Shell Group of Companies and the European Cultural Foundation © 1972 European Cultural Foundation, Amsterdam, Netherlands © 1973 English edition by Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, Netherlands. All rights reserved, including the right to translate or to reproduce this book or parts thereof in any form. ISBN-13: 978-90-247-5153-2 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-010-2486-0 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-010-2486-0 Translation: LTC Translations Ltd, London TABLE OF CONTENTS 7 Preface 1. Introduction: Scope and limits of the prospective inquiry 2. Historical background: Questions of terminology, socio-economic factors and ideologicalissues 18 3. The present situation and current changes 28 4. Medium- and long-term trends 36 5. Guidance and career choice 45 6. Polyvalency and permanent education 61 7. Technical and vocational training for women 73 8. University, post-secondary education and recurrent education 91 9. 10. 9 Division oflabour: old and new models 100 Conclusions 114 Appendix A: Tables and comments on replies to questionnaire 122 Appendix B : Gino Martinoli: Th