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This volume bridges the gap between the global promotion of the Green Economy and the manifestation of this new development strategy at the urban level. Green cities are an imperative solution, not only in meeting global environmental challenges but also in helping to ensure socio-economic prosperity at the local level.
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The Economy of Green Cities Local Sustainability Volume 3 Series Editor: Monika Zimmermann For other ICLEI publication, go to http://www.springer.com/series/10034 Richard Simpson • Monika Zimmermann Editors The Economy of Green Cities A World Compendium on the Green Urban Economy Editors Richard Simpson ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability World Secretariat Kaiser-Friedrich-Str.7 53113 Bonn, Germany Monika Zimmermann ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability World Secretariat Kaiser-Friedrich-Str.7 53113 Bonn, Germany Chapter 7 “Working in Green Cities: Improving the Urban Environment While Creating Jobs and Enhancing Working Conditions,” by Edmundo Werner, is published with the kind permission of the International Labour Office (ILO). The copyright remains with ILO. Chapter 9 is based on the Cities Chapter of UNEP’s Green Economy Report, Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication (2011). The copyright remains with UNEP. ISSN 2211-2782 ISSN 2211-2790 (electronic) ISBN 978-94-007-1968-2 ISBN 978-94-007-1969-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-1969-9 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012952571 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Foreword We now live in an urban age where cities and their economies dominate the global economy. Throughout their history cities have been centers of commerce and trade, a function that has enabled their growth and prosperity. Urban areas and metro regions are the hubs of their respective country’s economy. Economic activities in cities are a key growth engine to a nation’s economy.