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PIETAS SELECTED STUDIES IN ROMAN RELIGION STUDIES IN GREEK AND ROMAN RELIGION EDITED BY H. S. VERSNEL IN CO-OPERATION WITH F. T. VAN STRATEN VOLUME 1 LEIDEN / E. J. BRILL / 1980 PIETAS SELECTED STUDIES IN ROMAN RELIGION BY H. WAGENVOORT LEIDEN / E. J. BRILL / 1980 Published with financial support from the Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Pure Research (Z.W.O.) ISBN 90 04 06195 9 Copyright 1980 by E. J. Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or translated in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, microfiche or any other means without written permission from the publisher PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS CONTENTS Foreword In memoriam Hendrik Wagenvoort 1886-1976 by H. L. W. Nelson vii I. Pietas (Rede uitgesproken ter aanvaarding van het ambt van hoogleeraar aan de rijksuniversiteit te Groningen den 24en Mei 1924) 1 xi IL Diva Angerona (Mnemosyne ser. III, 9, 1941, 215-217) 21 I I I . Profänus, profänäre (Mnemosyne ser. IV, 2, 1949, 319-332) 25 IV. Gravitas and Maiestas (Mnemosyne ser. IV, 5, 1952, 287-306) 39 V. Felicitas imperatoria (Mnemosyne ser. IV, 7, 1954, 300-322) 59 VI. Cupid and Psyche ('Apuleius Märchen von Amor und Psyche' in: R. Merkelbach - G. Binder, Amor und Psyche, Darm stadt 1968, 382-392) 84 VII. The Golden Bough ('De gouden tak', Hermeneus 31, 1959, 46-52; 72-79; 93 92-100) VIII. The Goddess Ceres and her Roman Mysteries . . . . ('De dea Cerere deque eius mysteriis Romanis', Mnemosyne ser. IV, 13, i960, 111-142) IX. On the Magical Significance of the Tail ('Zur magischen Bedeutung des Schwanzes', Serta Philologica Aenipontana, 1961, 273-287) 114 147 CONTENTS VI X. The Origin of the Goddess Venus. . . . . . . . . . ('De deae Veneris origine', Mnemosyne ser. IV, 17, 1964, 47-77) 166 XL Orare, precari 197 (Verbum. Essays dedicated to H. W. Obbink, Utrecht 1964, i o i - n i ) XII. Augustus and Vesta (Melanges Carcopino, Paris 1966, 965-978) 210 XIII. Characteristic Traits of Ancient Roman Religion. . . 223 ('Wesenzüge altrömischer Religion', in: Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt I, 2,1972,348-376) Index of authors cited Index of subjects 257 262 > FOREWORD Hendrik Wagenvoort died in 1976, twenty years after his retire ment as professor of Latin at the University of Utrecht. On that occasion, in 1956, his pupils presented him with an edition of his collected papers, the 'Studies in Roman Literature, Culture and Religion'.1 Anyone acquainted with his erudition, curiositas and interest in Roman and other religions, will have endorsed the wish formulated by A. D. Nock in his review of this book: 2 'We must hope that its author will enjoy many years of health and strength and produce the material for more than another volume of opuscula'. By this time, now that we can survey the results of another twenty years' scholarly work, that wish appears to have been granted: there is more valuable material than could possibly be collected in one volume. In their foreword to 'Studies' the editors wrote: 'All those articles that have appeared in Mnemosyne which are easily accessible, we have rigorously omitted as they would have taken up all our available space'. Since the year in which these words were written, however, no part of the world seems to have been sacred from an educational 'nouvelle vague', which has, in a different way, negatively affected the 'accessibility' of the Mnemosyne papers. For, as is generally known, Wagenvoort used to write his contributions in an elegant, smooth and