Understanding Psychology

interactive student edition Author Richard A. Kasschau, Ph.D., is Professor of Psychology at the University of Houston. Dr. Kasschau is a member of the American Educational Research Association, the American Psychological Association, and the American Psychological Society. He has written extensively for magazines, newspapers, and professional journals, and has a dozen books to his credit. An award-winning and distinguished teacher who has taught psychology for 35 years, Dr. Kasschau has won the University of Houston’s Teaching Excellence Award twice in the last 15 years. Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the written permission of the publisher. TIME Reports © TIME, Inc. Prepared by TIME School Publishing in collaboration with Glencoe/McGraw-Hill. Send all inquiries to Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 8787 Orion Place, Columbus, Ohio 43240-4027 ISBN 0-07-828571–2 (Student Edition) Printed in the United States of America 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 071/043 06 05 04 03 Table of Contents Senior Consultant-Writers Educational Reviewers Ronald Foore, Ed.D. Booker T. Washington Magnet High School Tulsa, Oklahoma Jerry Agner Marion Harding High School Marion, Ohio Jim Matiya Carl Sandburg High School Orland Park, Illinois Lynn Erven Lake Forest High School Lake Forest, Illinois Academic Consultants Martha Alcock, Ph.D. Capital University Columbus, Ohio Shirley DeLucia, Ed.D. Capital University Columbus, Ohio Maureen Hester, Ph.D. Holy Names College Oakland, California Dale Kinney Ralston High School Omaha, Nebraska Patrick Mattimore South San Francisco High School San Francisco, California Nathan