Leading Questions: How Hegemony Affects The International Political Economy (michigan Studies In International Political Economy)

Leading Questions Michigan Studies in International Political Economy SERIES EDITORS: Edward Mansfield and Lisa Martin Michael J. Gilligan Empowering Exporters: Reciprocity, Delegation, and Collective Action in American Trade Policy Barry Eichengreen and Jeffry Frieden, Editors Forging an Integrated Europe Thomas H. Oatley Monetary Politics: Exchange Rate Cooperation in the European Union Robert Pahre Leading Questions: How Hegemony Affects the International Political Economy Leading Questions How Hegemony Affects the International Political Economy Robert Pahre Ann Arbor THE liNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN PREss Copyright © by the University of Michigan 1999 All rights reserved Published in the United States of America by The University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America @ Printed on acid-free paper 2002 2001 2000 1999 432 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. A ClP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in -Publication Data Pahre, Robert. Leading questions: how hegemony affects the international political economy I Robert Pahre. p. cm. - (Michigan studies in international political economy) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-472-10970-7 (acid-free paper) 1. Economic history 1990- 2. International economic relations. I. Title. II. Series. HC59.15 .P33 1998 337-dc21 98-40162 elP ISBN13 978-0-472-10970-8 (cloth) ISBN13 978-0-472-02301-1 (electronic) for Jennie Contents List of Figures ix List of Tables xi Preface xiii Part 1. Introduction Chapter 1. Leadership and Hegemony 3 Part 2. Hegemony and Collective Goods Chapter 2. A Collective-Goods Model of International Interdependence 23 Chapter 3. Stackelberg Leadership and Public Goods 39 Chapter 4. Predatory Hegemony: The 1920s 51 Chapter 5. Security Concerns and Foreign Economic Policy 73 Chapter 6. The Rise of Free Trade in Britain, 1815-1853 91 Part 3. Hegemony and Cooperation Chapter 7. Bargaining and Cooperation 123 Chapter 8. Hegemony and Commercial Negotiations, 1815-1913 149 Chapter 9. Multilateral Cooperation 177 Chapter 10. From Malevolence to Multilateralism, 1945-1967 189 Part 4. Conclusions Chapter 11. The Future of International Leadership 223 Vlll Contents Appendixes Appendix A. A Political Support Model of Trade 237 Appendix B. Data Sources 245 References 247 Index 269 Figures 1. Hegemonic Decline: U.S. Share of Great-Power GNP 2. Tariffs in Nineteenth-Century Britain 3. British Trade Volumes 4. British Openness and Tariffs, 1850-1913 5. Trade Treaties in Effect, 1815-1913: Britain, France, and Italy 6. Trade Treaties in Effect, 1815-1913: Austria, Britain, and Germany 7. British Economic Cooperation with Western Europe, 1815-1913 67 100 100 155 159 159 161 Tables 1. Imports as a Function of Foreign and Home Resources 2. Imports as a Function of Foreign and Home Resources, with Germany 3. GNP Ratios and u.s. Openness 4. Hegemony and Global Trade: Tests of the Conventional Theory 5. Hegemonic Decline? 6. The Military-Openness Trade-off 7. Foreign Reactions to British Liberalization: Changes in Legislated Tariffs 8. British Openness 9. Alliance Leadership