The Cambridge Dictionary Of Statistics

This page intentionally left blank THE CAMBRIDGE DICTIONARY OF STATISTICS THE CAMBRIDGE DICTIONARY OF Statistics Second Edition B. S. EVERITT Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College, University of London Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge , United Kingdom Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521810999 © Cambridge University Press 1998, 2002 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2002 - isbn-13 978-0-511-06437-1 eBook (NetLibrary) - isbn-10 0-511-06437-3 eBook (NetLibrary) - isbn-13 978-0-521-81099-9 hardback - hardback isbn-10 0-521-81099-X Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of s for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Reprinted with corrections 2003 To the memory of my dear sister Iris Preface The Cambridge Dictionary of Statistics aims to provide students of statistics, working statisticians and researchers in many disciplines who are users of statistics with relatively concise definitions of statistical terms. All areas of statistics are covered, theoretical, applied, medical, etc., although, as in any dictionary, the choice of which terms to include and which to exclude, is likely to reflect some aspects of the compiler’s main areas of interest, and I