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Copyright CPO Science Life Science First Edition 2007 CPO Science, a member of School Specialty Science ISBN-10: 1-58892-487-4 ISBN-13: 978-1-58892-487-2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 - QWE- 11 10 09 08 07 All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing. For permission and other rights under this copyright, please contact: CPO Science 80 Northwest Boulevard Nashua, New Hampshire 03063 (866)588-6951 http://www.cposcience.com Printed and Bound in the United States of America Credits Writers Scott Eddleman – Author B.S., Biology, Southern Illinois University; M.Ed., Harvard University. Taught for 13 years in urban and rural settings. Developed two successful science-based school-tocareer programs. Nationally recognized teacher trainer in inquiry-based and project-based instruction. Participated in Brown University fellowship conducting research on the coral reefs of Belize. Worked on National Science Foundationfunded projects at TERC. Scott has been a principal writer and curriculum developer for CPO Science for six years. Patsy Eldridge - Principal writer B.S., Biology, Grove City College; M.Ed., Tufts University. Experienced high school Physical Science teacher and national hands-on science trainer and presenter. As an adjunct professor for Endicott College in Beverly, MA, and the College of Charleston, developed content-intensive Physical Science courses for pre- and in-service educators. Technical background in the medical device field. Patsy has developed curriculum and training materials with CPO for six years. Mary Jo Carabatsos – Content review Ph.D., Cell, Molecular, and Developmental Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine. Worked as a research scientist before teaching high school biology and physical science for the past four years. Mary Jo advises on and edits material. Kelly McAllister – Content review B.S., Biology, M.Ed., Science Education Eighth-grade team leader and mentor teacher at Gage Middle School in Riverside, Calif. Kelly has taught life and physical science and served as department chair. Sylvia Gutman – Content review B.S., Science Education, University of New Orleans; M.S., Curriculum and Instruction, University of San Diego. Teacher of the Year Award from the Lake Elsinore (Calif.) Unified School District and the 2001 California Science Teachers Association Distinguished Science Award for Middle School. Senior Editor Lynda Pennell – Executive Vice President B.A., English; M.Ed., Administration, Reading Disabilities, Northeastern University; CAGS Media, University of Massachusetts, Boston. Nationally known for high school restructuring and integrating academic and career education. Served as director at an urban school for five years and has 17 years teaching/administrative experience in Boston public schools. Lynda has led development at CPO Science for six years. Editorial Consultants Christine Golden B.A., Psychology, Gordon College; M.B.A., Rivier College Project manager at Imperial Communications since 1999. With 22 years in publishing, now owner and managing editor of Big Dog Publishing Services. Christine's work centers on editing K-12 textbook material. Contributing Writers Kristin Dolcimascolo B.S., Biology, University of Delaware. Teaches science at Wayland (Mass.) Middle School, where she has taught for six years. Has taught middle school math. Patricia Davidson BA in Biology from Bowdoin College, Brunswick ME, M.Ed.,University of New England, Biddeford ME Teaches seventh-grade life science. Has been teaching for eight years and also teaches nature classes in New Hampshire. Suzanne Densmore B.S., Zoology UMass Amherst, B.S., Medical Technology UMass Amherst, M