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of contestation and alliance, themes and variations, and convergence and divergence between and within various blocs of nations.
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Global Media Spectacle SUNY series in Global Media Studies Yahya R. Kamalipour and Kuldip R. Rampal, editors To our families, with love and gratitude This page intentionally left blank. Contents Figures and Tables ix Preface xi Acknowledgments xv Chapter 1. Global Event, National Prisms 1 Chapter 2. News Staging 21 Chapter 3. Domestication of Global News 41 Chapter 4. Hyping and Repairing News Paradigms 63 Chapter 5. Banging the Democracy Drum: From the Superpower 85 Chapter 6. Essentializing Colonialism: Heroes and Villains 109 Chapter 7. Defining the Nation-State: One Event, Three Stories 127 Chapter 8. Human Rights and National Interest: From the Middle Powers 151 Chapter 9. Media Event as Global Discursive Contestation 169 Epilogue: After the Handover 189 Appendix I. Sampled Media Organizations 199 Appendix II. Interviewees 205 Appendix III. Guideline for Interview 209 Appendix IV. Content Analysis 215 Appendix V. 221 Coding Scheme Notes 223 Bibliography 229 Authors 245 Index 247 vii This page intentionally left blank. Figures and Tables Figure 1.1: Conceptual Scheme of Comparative International Media Discourses 16 Table 1.1: The Sample of Media Outlets 10 Table 1.2: National Origins of Journalists Interviewed 12 Table 2.1: Number of Media Organizations and Journalists Registered with the Handover Ceremony Coordination Office 25 References to the Prospect of Changes after the Handover 54 Table 3.2: Tones on the PRC Government (in %) 56 Table 3.3: News Sources from Different Countries 56 Table 3.4: Official Sources from Different Countries 57 Table 3.5: Top Ten Most Frequently Cited Sources by Country 58 Table 4.1: Key Visual Devices from the Media Coverage 72 Table 5.1: Ideological Packages of the U.S. Media Coverage 92 Table 7.1: Discursive Packages of the PRC Media 129 Table 7.2: Features of the Historical Scripts of the Three Media Narratives 147 Table 3.1: Table 7.3: Features of Discourse Structures of the Media Narratives 148 Table 9.1: Domestic News vs. International News 173 Table 10.1: Headlines of Hong Kong Anniversary Stories in the World Media 191 Topical Distribution of U.S. and British Media Coverage of Hong Kong (July 6, 1997–July 5, 1998) 196 Table 10.2: ix This page intentionally left blank. Preface If journalists are said to write the first draft of history, what kind of a history will they be writing in the age of globalized media? Does this history appear to be littered with contrived images and dramas, hyped media events, and ideologically soaked catchy phrases? All global news is local. How do the media—operating as a “twenty-four-hour ideological repair shop” (van Ginneken, 1998:32)—mold international news in accordance with nation