Science and Innovation for Development by Gordon Conway and Jeff Waage Science and Innovation for Development by Gordon Conway and Jeff Waage with Sara Delaney Published by: Production funded by: i © 2010 UK Collaborative on Development Sciences (UKCDS) You may re-use the content in this publication (not including the UKCDS and other departmental or agency logos) free of charge in any format for research, private study or internal circulation within an organisation. You must re-use it accurately and not use it in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as UKCDS copyright and you must give the title of the source publication. Where we have identified any third party copyright material you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication is also available at www.ukcds.org.uk. For any other use of this material please write to: UK Collaborative on Development Sciences (UKCDS) Gibbs Building 215 Euston Road London NW1 2BE Email:
[email protected] Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to ensure that all the information in this edition of Science and Innovation for Development is correct at the time of going to press. However, the authors and publisher do not accept liability for any error or omission in the content. Nothing in the publication shall be taken as warranty that any product or technique mentioned herein is not the subject of patent rights and UKCDS does not hold itself responsible for any infringement of the said right. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978 1 84129 0829 Further copies of this book can be ordered direct from BCPC Publications Ltd, 7 Omni Business Centre, Omega Park, Alton, Hampshire GU34 2QD, UK Tel: +44 (0) 1420 593 200 Fax: +44 (0) 1420 593 209 Email:
[email protected] For fast order processing and secure payment order online at www.bcpcbookshop.co.uk The production of this book is funded by the UK Department for International Development (DFID) for the benefit of developing countries. The views expressed are not necessarily those of DFID. Design and typesetting by: m360º Ltd, Nottingham, UK Edited and project managed by: Moira Hart, Dewpoint Marketing, Long Clawson, UK Printed by: Latimer Trend and Company Ltd, Plymouth, UK © Cover images: Dominic Sansoni – World Bank Wellcome Images USDA ii Ray Witlin – World Bank Hu Wei – Greenpeace International Sewaburkina – Flickr DFID Environmental Education Media Project for China Ken Banks – kiwanja.net Science and Innovation for Development Contents Contents iii Foreword xiv About the authors xvi About the publisher Preface and acknowledgments xviii xix Part One – Mobilising Science for Development Chapter 1 – The Nature of Science and Innovation 3 1 Why is science important? How does scientific innovation work? 4 4 2 The role of science in international development The contribution of science to development challenges The benefits of scientific capacity Science capacity and economic growth Poverty reduction in the Loess Plateau 7 7 9 10 13 3 The challenge ahead Strengthening science capacity Creating an enabling environment for science innovation Signs of progress 15 15 17 18 4 Scientific success in developing countries New Rices for Africa (NERICAs) Insecticide treated mosquito nets Common elements of success 18 18