Agroforestry And Biodiversity Conservation In Tropical Landscapes

About Island Press Island Press is the only nonprofit organization in the United States whose principal purpose is the publication of books on environmental issues and natural resource management. We provide solutions-oriented information to professionals, public officials, business and community leaders, and concerned citizens who are shaping responses to environmental problems. In 2004, Island Press celebrates its twentieth anniversary as the leading provider of timely and practical books that take a multidisciplinary approach to critical environmental concerns. Our growing list of titles reflects our commitment to bringing the best of an expanding body of literature to the environmental community throughout North America and the world. Support for Island Press is provided by the Agua Fund, Brainerd Foundation, Geraldine R. Dodge Foundation, Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, Educational Foundation of America, The Ford Foundation, The George Gund Foundation, The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, Henry Luce Foundation, The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, The Curtis and Edith Munson Foundation, National Environmental Trust, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, The New-Land Foundation, Oak Foundation, The Overbrook Foundation, The David and Lucile Packard Foundation, The Pew Charitable Trusts, The Rockefeller Foundation, The Winslow Foundation, and other generous donors. The opinions expressed in this book are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of these foundations. Agroforestry and Biodiversity Conservation in Tropical Landscapes Agroforestry and Biodiversity Conservation in Tropical Landscapes EDITED BY Götz Schroth, Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca, Celia A. Harvey, Claude Gascon, Heraldo L. Vasconcelos, and Anne-Marie N. Izac Washington • Covelo • London Copyright © 2004 Island Press All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher: Island Press, 1718 Connecticut Avenue, N.W., Suite 300, Washington, DC 20009. ISLAND PRESS is a trademark of The Center for Resource Economics. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data (CIP Data to come) British Cataloguing-in-Publication Data available. Book design by Brighid Willson Printed on recycled, acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents Preface xi Introduction: The Role of Agroforestry in Biodiversity Conservation in Tropical Landscapes 1 Götz Schroth, Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca, Celia A. Harvey, Heraldo L. Vasconcelos, Claude Gascon, and Anne-Marie N. Izac Part I: Conservation Biology and Landscape Ecology in the Tropics: A Framework for Agroforestry Applications 13 Chapter 1: Biodiversity Conservation in Deforested and Fragmented Tropical Landscapes: An Overview 15 Claude Gascon, Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca, Wes Sechrest, Kaycie A. Billmark, and James Sanderson Chapter 2: Ecological Effects of Habitat Fragmentation in the Tropics 33 William F. Laurance and Heraldo L. Vasconcelos Chapter 3: Landscape Connectivity and Biological Corridors Susan G. W. Laurance Part II: The Ecological Economics of Agroforestry: Environmental Benefits and Effects on Deforestation 65 Chapter 4: The Economic Valuation of Agroforestry’s Environmental Services 67 David Pearce and