Advances in Applied Mechanics Volume 26 Editorial Board T. BROOKE. B E N J A M I N Y. c. F U N C i PAUL G E R M A I N RODNEY H I L L L. HOWARTH C.-S. Y I H (Editor, 1971-1982) Contributors to Volume 26 D. Y. H S I E H KLAUS K I R C H C A S S N E R J. T. C. L I U IC'HIROT A N A K A TAYLOR C. W A N G ADVANCES IN APPLIED MECHANICS Edited by Theodore Y. Wu John W. Hutchinson D I V I S I O N OF A P P L I E D S C I E N C ' t S HARVARII UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS ENGINEERING SCIENCE DEPARTMENT C'ALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF T E C H N O L O G Y P A S A D E N A , C A L I FORNl A VOLUME 26 A C A D E M I C PRESS, INC. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers Boston San Diego New York Berkeley London Sydney Tokyo Toronto C O P Y R I G H0 T 1988 H V ACAI>I-MI( PRESS. I N ( ALI. R I G H T S R t S t R V E I > N O [’.ART O F T t I I S P I J I I L I C A T I O N M A Y B E K f S P K O I > l ~ (L I I O K T R A N S M I T T E D I N A N Y F O R M O R B Y 4 N Y hlLANS. I I I-(‘TKONIC O K M C C ‘ H A N I C ’ A L , I N C L C I I I I N C i I’HOTOC~OI’Y, RFC O R I > I N < i="" .="" o="" r="" a="" n="" y="" i="" n="" ~="" o="" k="" m="" a="" t="" i="" o="" n="" storage.="" anii="" k="" t="" i="" -="" i="" k="" i="" r="" :="" v="" .="" ~="" i="" s="" \="" s="" r="" m="" h="" i="" .="" m’i="" i="" .="" h="" o="" i="" ~="" i="" i’krmission="" i="" n="" w="" r="" i="" t="" i="" n="" g="" f="" r="" o="" m="" 7="" h="" t="" i’ijblisiii=""> A C A D E M I C PRESS, INC. 1250 Siuth Avenue. San Diego. (’A Y 2 1 0 1 United Kingdom Edition published by A C A D E M I C PRESS I N C . ( L O N D O N ) LTD 24-28 Oval Road. London N W I 7 D X ISBN 0-12-002026-2 I’KINTE13 I N T H I 88899091 U N I T € II \ T A T 1 \ O F A M E R I C A 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents vii ix Equilibrium Shapes of Rotating Spheroids and Drop Shape Oscillations Tavlor G. W a n g I Introduction I I . Background 111. Experiments IV. Concluaion Acknowledgments References On Dynamics of Bubbly Liquids D. Y. Hsieh I . In t rod u ct io 11 I I . General Formulation of Dynatnical l.qu,itions 111. Dynamic Equations of Bubbly I iqiiid\ IV. Sound Waves in Bubbly Liquid V. Waves a n d lnstahility in Bubbly Liquid5 V I . Steady Flows V I I . Dynamic\ of a Liquid Containing Vapor Bubbles Appendix A Appendix L3 Appendix C' Appendix D References 64 66 75 88 96 1 ox 1 IS 124 115 118 130 132 Nonlinear Resonant Surface Waves and Homoclinic Bifurcation Klaus Kirchgassner 1. Introduction 135 I I . The Problem 142 v vi Contents I I I . Transformations a n d Symmetry IV. The Method V. Reduction a n d Result5 V I . The Mathematics References 144 147 152 172 179 Contributions to the Understanding of Large-Scale Coherent Structures in Developing Free Turbulent Shear Flows I. Introduction 11. Fundamental Equations a n d the Interpretation 111. Some Aspects of Quantitative Observations 184 188 21 1 IV. Variations o n the Amsden a n d Harlow Problem-The Temporal Mixing Layer 219 V. The Role of Linear Theory in Nonlinear Prohlenis 232 25 1 VI. Spatially Developing Free Shear Flows VII. Three-dimensional Nonlinear Effects in Large-Scale Coherent M o d e Interactions 284 298 VIII. Other Wave-Turbulence Interaction Problems 300 Appendix 302 Acknowledgment 302 References Three-Dimensional Ship Boundary Layer and Wake Ichiro Tanaka I . Introduction 11. Flow Around a S h i p Hull 111. Equations of the Three-Dimensional Turbulent Boundary Layer and Wake a n d Their Solutions IV. Scale Effects o f the Boundary Layer and Wake V. Concluding Remarks Acknowledgment Referenc