Concrete Design to EN 1992
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Concrete Design to EN 1992
L.H. Martin Bsc, PhD, CEng FICE J.A. Purkiss Bsc (Eng), PhD
AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO Butterworth-Heinemann is an imprint of Elsevier
Butterworth-Heinemann An imprint of Elsevier Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK 84 Theobald’s Road, London WC1X 8RR, UK First published in Great Britain by Arnold 1996 Reprinted by Butterworth-Heinemann 2000 Second Edition 2006 Copyright 2006, L.H. Martin and J.A. Purkiss. All rights reserved Permission to reproduce extracts from the BS EN 1997-1:2004 and BS EN 1991-1-1:2004 is granted by BSI. The right of L.H. Martin and J.A. Purkiss to be identified as the authors of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher Permission may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: (þ44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (þ44) (0) 1865 853333; email:
[email protected] Alternatively you can submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier web site at http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions, and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material Notice No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 13: 978-0-75-065059-5 ISBN 10: 0-75-065059-1 For information on all Butterworth-Heinemann publications visit our website at http://books.elsevier.com Typeset by CEPHA Imaging Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, India Printed and bound in Great Britain 06 07 08 09 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents Preface Acknowledgements Principal Symbols
ix xi xiii
CHAPTER
1
General 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
Description of concrete structures Development and manufacture of reinforced concrete Development and manufacture of steel Structural design Production of reinforced concrete structures Site conditions
1 1 3 5 6 11 16
CHAPTER
2
Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Concrete 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7
Variation of material properties Characteristic strength Design strength Stress–strain relationship for steel Stress–strain relationship for concrete Other important material properties Testing of reinforced concrete materials and structures
18 18 18 20 21 23 24 30
CHAPTER
3
Actions 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5
Introduction Actions varying in time Actions with spatial variation Design envelopes Other actions
32 32 32 34 35 37
vi
Contents
CHAPTER
4
Analysis of the Structure 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8
General philosophy for analysis of the structure Behaviour under accidental effects Frame imperfections Frame classification Frame analysis Column loads Redistribution Plastic analysis