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The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES)—a network of more than 1,600 scientists from the nations surrounding the North Atlantic and the Baltic Sea—has been instrumental to the coordination and promotion of invaluable research on the marine ecosystem. But only recently has the ICES made major strides toward assessments and methods to sustain Europe’s fish stocks. This book presents the findings of an extensive sociological survey of the bureaucracy of the council, detailing both its failures and the amendments made to Europe’s Common Fisheries Policy in attempts to improve and strengthen it.
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D o u g la s Cly d e Wilso n
The Paradoxes of Transparency 5
Sci ence and the Ecosystem Approach to Fi s heri es M anagem ent i n Europe A U P
The Paradoxes of Transparency
MARE PUBLICATION SERIES MARE is an interdisciplinary social-science institute studying the use and management of marine resources. It was established in 2000 by the University of Amsterdam and Wageningen University in the Netherlands. MARE’s mandate is to generate innovative, policy-relevant research on marine and coastal issues that is applicable to both North and South. Its programme is guided by four core themes: fisheries governance, maritime work worlds, integrated coastal zone management (ICZM), and maritime risk. In addition to the publication series, MARE organises conferences and workshops and publishes a social-science journal called Maritime Studies (MAST). Visit the MARE website at http://www.marecentre.nl.
series editors Svein Jentoft, University of Tromsø, Norway Maarten Bavinck, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
previously published Leontine E. Visser (ed.), Challenging Coasts. Transdisciplinary Excursions into Integrated Coastal Zone Development, 2004 (isbn 978 90 5356 682 4) Jeremy Boissevain and Tom Selwyn (eds.), Contesting the Foreshore. Tourism, Society, and Politics on the Coast, 2004 (isbn 978 90 5356 694 7) Jan Kooiman, Maarten Bavinck, Svein Jentoft, Roger Pullin (eds.), Fish for Life. Interactive Governance for Fisheries, 2005 (isbn 978 90 5356 686 2) Rob van Ginkel, Braving Troubled Waters. Sea Change in a Dutch Fishing Community, 2009 (isbn 978 90 8964 087 1)
The Paradoxes of Transparency Science and the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management in Europe Douglas Clyde Wilson
MARE Publication Series No. 5
Amsterdam University Press
Cover illustration: Alyne Delaney and Douglas Clyde Wilson Cover design: Neon, design and communications, Sabine Mannel, Amsterdam Lay-out: japes, Amsterdam isbn 978 90 8964 060 4 e-isbn 978 90 4850 813 6 nur 741 © Doug Wilson/Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam 2009 All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the author of the book.
SERIES FOREWORD As editors of the MARE Publication Series, we are proud to present yet another major work on people and the sea. The topic of Doug Wilson’s important and timely book is the role of natural scientists in fisheries management and environmental governance. Its focus is on the institutions that provide the scientific basis for decision-making with regard to European fisheries policy. A prominent organisation in this context is the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES), which involves twenty member states and serves as the hub of a network of approximately 1600 scientists. The marine environment is difficult to observe so the scientific uncertainty is very high. Hence the crafting of scientific advice