Beginning Physics Ii: Waves, Electromagnetism, Optics And Modern Physics

SCHAUM'S OUTLINE OF THEORY AND PROBLEMS of B E G I N " G PHYSICS 11 Waves, Electromagnetism, Optics, and Modern Physics ALVIN HALPERN, Ph.D. Professor of Physics Brook Zy n CoZleg e City University of New York ERICH ERLBACH Professor of Physics City College City University of New York SCHAUM'S OUTLINE SERIES McGRAW-HILL New York San Francisco Washington, D.C. Auckland Bogotu Caracas Madrid Mexico City Milan San Juan Singapore Sydney Tokyo Toronto New ALVIN Ph.D., Professor of Physics at Brooklyn College of the City University of New York. Dr. has had extensive teaching He experience in physics at all college levels. elementary through was chairman of the physics department Brooklyn College for ten years, and Vice President for Research Development at the Research Foundation of CUNY for four years. He presently is Acting President of the Research Foundation University Dean for Research. ERICH ERLBACH, Ph.D., is Professor Emeritus of Physics at The City College of the City University of New York. He has had over 35 years of experience in teaching physics courses at all levels. Dr. served as chairman of the physics department City College for six years and served as Head of the Honors College for over ten years. Schaum’s Outline of Theory of BEGINNING PHYSICS I1 : Waves, Electromagnetism, Optics, and Physics Copyright 0 1998 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the of America. Except as permitted United Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data permission of the publisher. base or retrieval system, without the prior 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 PRS PRS 9 0 2 1 0 9 8 ISBN 0-07-025707-8 Sponsoring Editor: Barbara Souffrance Production Editing B. Walker Library of Congress Catalogiag-in-PublicationData Halpern, Alvin M. Schaum’s outline of theory problems of beginning physics 11: physics/Alvin Halpern, waves, electromagnetism, optics, Erich Erlbach. p. cm.-(Schaum’s outline series) Includes index. ISBN 0-07-025707-8 1. Physics. I. Erlbach, Erich. 11. Title. QC23.H213 1998 5304~21 McGraw -Hi22 98-24936 CIP E A Division of TheMcGmwHill Companies This book is dedicated to Edith Erlbach, beloved wife of Erich Erlbach and to the memory of Gilda and Halpern, beloved parents of Alvin Halpern This page intentionally left blank Preface Beginning Physics I I : Waves, Electromagnetism, Optics and Modern Physics is intended to help students who are taking, or are preparing to take, the second half of a first course that is quantitative in nature and focuses on problem solving. From a topical point of view the book picks up where the first volume, Beginning Physics I : Mechanics and Heat leaves off. Combined with volume I it covers all the usual topics in a full year course sequence. Nonetheless, Beginning Physics I I stands alone as a second semester follow on textbook to any first ter text, or as a descriptive and problem solving supplement to any second semester text. As with Beginning Physics I , this book is to allow students with relatively training in mathematics and science problem solving to quickly addressing the subject of gain quantitative reasoning skills as well as confidence physics. A background in High School algebra and the rudiments of trigonometry is assumed, as well as completion of a first course covering the standard topics in mechanics and