Biology And Conservation Of Wild Felids

Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids From top left, clockwise: Jaguar, African Lion, Cheetah, Andean cat, Scottish Wildcat, Tiger, and Puma. Drawn by Priscilla Barrett. Biology and Conservation of Wild Felids Edited by DAVID W. MACDONALD AND ANDREW J. LOVERIDGE 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York # Oxford University Press 2010 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Control Number: 2010924763 Typeset by SPI Publisher Services, Pondicherry, India Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham, Wiltshire ISBN 978–0–19–923444–8 (Hbk.) ISBN 978–0–19–923445–5 (Pbk.) 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 To Tom and Dafna Kaplan and their family, in grateful recognition of their unique contribution to felid conservation # Andy Rouse This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface List of contributors xi xv Part I Reviews 1 Dramatis personae: an introduction to the wild felids 3 David W. Macdonald, Andrew J. Loveridge, and Kristin Nowell 2 Phylogeny and evolution of cats (Felidae) 59 Lars Werdelin, Nobuyuki Yamaguchi, Warren E. Johnson, and Stephen J. O’Brien 3 Felid form and function 83 Andrew C. Kitchener, Blaire Van Valkenburgh, and Nobuyuki Yamaguchi 4 Genetic applications in wild felids 107 Melanie Culver, Carlos Driscoll, Eduardo Eizirik, and Go¨ran Spong 5 Felid society 125 David W. Macdonald, Anna Mosser, and John L. Gittleman 6 People and wild felids: conservation of cats and management of conflicts 161 Andrew J. Loveridge, Sonam W. Wang, Laurence G. Frank, and John Seidensticker 7 Many ways of skinning a cat: tools and techniques for studying wild felids 197 K. Ullas Karanth, Paul Funston, and Eric Sanderson 8 Felids ex situ: managed programmes, research, and species recovery 217 David Wildt, William Swanson, Janine Brown, Alexander Sliwa, and Astrid Vargas 9 Wild felid diseases: conservation implications and management strategies 237 Linda Munson, Karen A. Terio, Marie-Pierre Ryser-Degiorgis, Emily P. Lane, and Franck Courchamp Part II Case Studies 10 Ecology of infectious diseases in Serengeti lions Meggan E. Craft 263 viii Con