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Understanding the Markets
Butterworth-Heinemann – The Securities Institute A publishing partnership About The Securities Institute Formed in 1992 with the support of the Bank of England, the London Stock Exchange, the Financial Services Authority, LIFFE and other leading financial organizations, the Securities Institute is the professional body for practitioners working in securities, investment management, corporate finance, derivatives and related businesses. Their purpose is to set and maintain professional standards through membership, qualifications, training and continuing learning and publications. The Institute promotes excellence in matters of integrity, ethics and competence.
About the series Butterworth-Heinemann is pleased to be the official Publishing Partner of the Securities Institute with the development of professional level books for: Brokers/Traders; Actuaries; Consultants; Asset Managers; Regulators; Central Bankers; Treasury Officials; Compliance Officers; Legal Departments; Corporate Treasurers; Operations Managers; Portfolio Managers; Investment Bankers; Hedge Fund Managers; Investment Managers; Analysts and Internal Auditors, in the areas of: Portfolio Management; Advanced Investment Management; Investment Management Models; Financial Analysis; Risk Analysis and Management; Capital Markets; Bonds; Gilts; Swaps; Repos; Futures; Options; Foreign Exchange; Treasury Operations.
Series titles ■
Professional Reference Series The Bond and Money Markets: Strategy, Trading, Analysis
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Global Capital Markets Series The REPO Handbook The Gilt-Edged Market Foreign Exchange and Money Markets: theory, practice and risk management IPO and Equity Offerings
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Understanding the Markets David Loader
OXFORD AMSTERDAM
BOSTON
SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO
LONDON
SINGAPORE
NEW YORK SYDNEY
PARIS
TOKYO
Butterworth-Heinemann An imprint of Elsevier Science Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP 225 Wildwood Avenue, Woburn, MA 01801-2041 First published 2002 Copyright © 2002, David Loader. All rights reserved The right of David Loader to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1T 4LP. Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN 0 7506 5465 1
For information on all Butterworth-Heinemann finance publications visit our website at: www.bh.com/finance
Composition by Genesis Typesetting, Rochester, Kent Printed and bound in Great Britain
Contents
Preface 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Introduction Debt and money markets Equity markets Derivatives and commodities markets Trading, dealing and investment The role of the