E-Book Overview
Textbook series, Leoben, Montanuniversität Leoben, Petroleum Engineering Department. 2005. — 204 pages.
Fundamental Properties of Porous Media. Capillary Properties. Permeability. Relative Permeabilities. Equations of Single-Phase Filtration. Fundamental Equation of Filtration. Equation of State. Real and Ideal Gases. Boundary and Initial Conditions. Solutions of the Single-Phase Equation of Filtration. Steady State Filtration. Non-Steady State Filtration in Infinite Acting Systems. Dimensionless Variables. The Infinite Radial System with Constant Pressure at the Interior Boundary. Non-Steady State Filtration in a Finite System. Non-Steady State Filtration in Linear System. Two-Phase Filtration. The Equation of Two-Phase Filtration. Vertical Two-Phase Filtration of Incompressible Fluids. The BUCKLEY-LEVERETT Solution. Influence of Gravity and Capillary Force. Piston-Like Displacement. The Mobility Ratio. Propagation of a Displacement Front.
E-Book Content
MONTANUNIVERSITÄT LEOBEN
PETROLEUM ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
TEXTBOOK SERIES VOLUME 1
FLUID FLOW IN POROUS MEDIA
by Zoltán E. HEINEMANN Professor for Reservoir Engineering Leoben, October 2005
© No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form. Only students of the University of Leoben may copy for studying purposes. Edited by DI Barbara Schatz - October 2005
Table of Contents
3
Table of Contents 1 Fundamental Properties of Porous Media ................................................... 5 1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Porosity ....................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1 General Aspects and Definition ........................................................................ 6 1.1.2 Determination of Porosity ................................................................................. 7 1.1.3 Compaction ....................................................................................................... 9 1.1.4 Compressibility of Porous Media ..................................................................... 9 1.1.5 Classification of Porosity ................................................................................ 12 Capillary Properties ................................................................................................... 14 1.2.1 Saturation ........................................................................................................ 14 1.2.2 Wettability ...................................................................................................... 14 1.2.2.1 Classification of Reservoir Rocks based on Wettability .................... 15 1.2.2.2 Measurement of Wettability ............................................................... 16 1.2.2.2.1 Contact Angle Measurement ......................................... 17 1.2.2.2.2 Amott Method1.19 .......................................................... 18 1.2.2.2.3 USBM Wettability Index............................................... 19 1.2.3 Capillary Pressure ........................................................................................... 23 1.2.3.1 Definition............................................................................................ 23 1.2.3.2 Measurement of Capillary Pressure in a Porous Medium .................. 25 1.2.3.2.1 Method of Centrifuge .................................................... 27 1.2.3.2.2 Mercury Injection (Purcell Method).............................. 31 1.2.3.3 Conversion of Laboratory Data .......................................................... 32 1.2.4 The Leverett Function ..................................................................