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Education and Social Change provides a basic introduction to educational studies, with a viewpoint for decision. This book discusses the increasing number of educational influences at work outside the schools and colleges. Organized into three parts encompassing 10 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the influences affecting the schools as well as affecting the entire life in which the schools have to take on a different meaning. This text then examines the educational institutions and describes how their purposes, structures, and populations are undergoing unprecedented change. Other chapters deal with the transformation of the teaching–learning role itself, with reference to the teachers. This book discusses as well the relevance of all educational sciences. The final chapter briefly examines some of the main questions that need to be asked again because of all the changes in educations purposes and instrumentality. This book is a valuable resource for students and teachers.
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Education and Social Change by
EDMUND J . KING, M.A., Ph.D., D.Lit. University of London, King's College
P E R G A M O N
P R E S S
OXFORD
· EDINBURGH ·
TORONTO
· LONDON
· SYDNEY '
NEW YORK
PARIS ' BRAUNSCHWEIG
P e r g a m o n Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, O x f o r d 4 & 5 Fitzroy Square, L o n d o n W . l P e r g a m o n Press (Scotland) Ltd., 2 & 3 T e v i o t Place, Edinburgh 1 P e r g a m o n Press Inc., M a x w e l l H o u s e , Fairview Park, Elmsford,
New
Y o r k 10523 P e r g a m o n o f Canada, Ltd., 207 Queen's Q u a y W e s t , T o r o n t o 1 P e r g a m o n Press (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., 19a Boundary Street, Rushcutters B a y , N . S . W . 2011 P e r g a m o n Press S.A.R.L., 24 rue des Ecoles, Paris 5
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V i e w e g & Sohn G m b H , Burgplatz 1, Braunschweig C o p y r i g h t © 1966 P e r g a m o n Press Ltd. First edition 1966 Reprinted w i t h corrections 1969 Library o f Congress Catalog Card N o . 6 6 - 2 5 3 1 4 Printed in Great Britain by A. Wheaton & Co., Exeter
This b o o k is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, b y w a y o f trade, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise disposed o f w i t h o u t the publisher's consent, in any form o f binding or cover other than that in w h i c h it is published. 08 012058 X (Flexicover) 08 012059 8 (Hard cover)
INTRODUCTION T H I S b o o k is i n t e n d e d t o b e a first i n t r o d u c t i o n t o t h e s t u d y o f E d u c a t i o n , n o t in abstraction b u t in its relevance to t h e w o r l d o f today. A t a t i m e w h e n e d u c a t i o n a l e x p e n d i t u r e is t h e biggest single i t e m o f m a n y g o v e r n m e n t s ' b u d g e t i n g after defence, a n d e d u c a t i o n is used as t h e deliberate i n s t r u m e n t o f technological a n d social c h a n g e , t h e i n v o l v e m e n t o f e d u c a t i o n in p u b l i c life is m o r e o b v i o u s t h a n at a n y t i m e before. H o w tar t h e schools a n d all t h e e d u c a t i o n a l t h o u g h t s o f t h e past fit i n t o this design for t h e future
demands
careful s t u d y . All o t h e r r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s , a n d t h e relevance o f all e d u c a t i o n a l sciences, d e p e n d o n t h e conclusions w e r e a c h a b o u t t h e development
o f e d u c a t i o n . If w e d o n o t r e a c h conclusions, others
will. Therefore any m o d e r n study of education must be
acutely
sensitive t o t h e " d e v e l o p m e n t a T aspect o f its activities a n d p r o b l e m s t o d a y . P r o b l e m s o f d e v e l o p m e n t as such a r e n o t t h e o n l y ones t o b e e x a m i n e d ; b u t t h e y d o p r o v i d e a focus o f inter