Integral Materials Modeling: Towards Physics-based Through-process Models

Integral Materials Modeling Towards Physics-Based Through-Process Models Edited by Gu¨nter Gottstein Integral Materials Modeling Edited by Gu¨nter Gottstein Integral Materials Modeling Towards Physics-Based Through-Process Models Edited by Gu¨nter Gottstein The Editor ¨nter Gottstein Prof. Dr. Gu Institut fu¨r Metallkunde und Metallphysik der RWTH Aachen Kopernikusstrasse 14 52074 Aachen Germany 9 All books published by Wiley-VCH are carefully produced. Nevertheless, authors, editors, and publisher do not warrant the information contained in these books, including this book, to be free of errors. Readers are advised to keep in mind that statements, data, illustrations, procedural details or other items may inadvertently be inaccurate. Library of Congress Card No.: applied for British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de 8 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim All rights reserved (including those of translation into other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form – by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means – nor transmitted or translated into a machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law. Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany Printed on acid-free paper Typesetting Asco Typesetters, Hong Kong Printing betz-druck GmbH, Darmstadt Bookbinding Litges & Dopf Buchbinderei GmbH, Heppenheim Wiley Bicentennial Logo Richard J. Pacifico ISBN 978-3-527-31711-0 V Contents List of Contributors XV 1 1 Introduction G. Gottstein 2 Integral Materials Modeling G. Gottstein 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 3 5 Abstract 5 Introduction 5 The Collaborative Research Center on ‘‘Integral Materials Modeling’’ Through-Process Modeling 12 Outlook 13 References 15 Aluminum Through-Process Modeling: From Casting to Cup Drawing (TP C6) 17 L. Neumann, R. Kopp, G. Hirt, E. Jannot, G. Gottstein, B. Hallstedt, J. M. Schneider, B. Pustal, and A. Bu¨hrig-Polaczek Abstract 17 Introduction 17 Casting and Solidification 18 The Casting Alloys 18 Casting 18 Simulation of the Casting Process 19 Thermodynamic Description of the Model Alloy 19 Simulation of Grain Nucleation and Growth Using a Multiphase Flow and Solidification Model 20 3.2.2.3 Simulation of Phase Fractions, Dendrite Arm Spacing, and Concentration Profiles Using a Microsegregation Model 21 3.3 Homogenization 23 3.3.1 Homogenization of Alloy AA3104 23 3.3.2 Simulation Methods 25 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.1.1 3.2.2 3.2.2.1 3.2.2.2 9 VI Contents 3.3.2.1 3.3.2.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.3.4.1 3.3.4.2 3.3.4.3 3.4 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.5 3.5.1 3.5.2 3.6 DICTRA Calculations 25 ClaNG Model 26 Experimental Procedure 26 Comparison between Experimental and Simulation Results Primary Phases 26 Solute Concentrations 26 Dispersoid Precipitation 27 Hot and Cold Rolling