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Fiberglass Pipe Design
AWWA MANUAL M45
First Edition
FOUNDED 1881
American Water Works Association
Copyright (C) 1999 American Water Works Association All Rights Reserved
MANUAL OF WATER SUPPLY PRACTICES ---- M45, First Edition
Fiberglass Pipe Design Copyright © 1996 American Water Works Association All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information or retrieval system, except in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the written permission of the publisher.
Project Manager and Technical Editor: Sharon Pellowe Copy Editor: Martha Ball Production Editor: Alan Livingston Production Artist: Karen Staab
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data "Fiberglass pipe design manual." xviii, 159p. 17×25 cm.--(Manual of water supply operations: M45) Includes bibliographical (p. ) references and index. ISBN 0-89867-889-7 1. water-pipes. 2. Pipe, glass. I. Series. II. Series: /AWWA manual: M45 TD491.A49 no. M45 97-4036 628.1′ 5----dc21 CIP
Printed in the United States of America American Water Works Association 6666 West Quincy Avenue Denver, CO 80235
ISBN 0-89867-889-7
Printed on recycled paper
Copyright (C) 1999 American Water Works Association All Rights Reserved
Contents List of Figures, vii List of Tables, xi Preface, xiii Foreword, xv Acknowledgments, xvii Chapter 1 History and Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
Introduction, 1 History, 1 Applications, 2 Standards, Specifications, and Reference Documents, 2 Terminology, 6
Chapter 2 Materials, Properties, and Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8
General, 7 Characteristics, 7 The Material System, 8 Glass Fiber Reinforcements, 8 Resins, 9 Other Components, 10 Physical Properties, 11 Mechanical Properties, 12
Chapter 3 Manufacturing
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.1 Introduction, 15 3.2 Filament Winding, 15 3.3 Centrifugal Casting, 18 References, 20 Chapter 4 Hydraulics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 4.1 Hydraulic Characteristics, 21 4.2 Preliminary Pipe Sizing, 21 4.3 Typical Pipe Diameters, 22 4.4 Pressure Loss Calculations, 23 4.5 Head Loss in Fittings, 27 4.6 Energy Consumption Calculation Procedure, 29 4.7 Transient Pressures, 31 References, 34 Chapter 5 Buried Pipe Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5.1 Introduction, 35 5.2 Design Terminology, 35
iii
Copyright (C) 1999 American Water Works Association All Rights Reserved
Chapter 5 Buried Pipe Design—continued 5.3 Design Conditions, 36 5.4 Pipe Properties, 38 5.5 Installation Parameters, 38 5.6 Design Procedure, 39 5.7 Design Calculations and Requirements, 39 5.8 Axial Loads, 54 5.9 Special Design Considerations, 54 5.10 Design Examples, 54 References, 71 Chapter 6 Guidelines for Underground Installation of Fiberglass Pipe . . 73 6.1 Introduction, 73 6.2 Related Documents, 74 6.3 Terminology, 75 6.4 In Situ Soils, 77 6.5 Embedment Materials, 77 6.6 Trench Excavation, 80 6.7 Pipe Installation, 82 6.8 Field Monitoring, 87 6.9 Contract Document Recommendations, 88 References, 88 Chapter 7 Buried Pipe Thrust Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5
Unbalanced Thrust Forces, 91 Thrust Resistance, 92 Thrust Blocks, 93 Joints With Small Deflections, 95 Restrained (Tied) Joints, 99
Chapter 8 Aboveground Pipe Design and Installation . . . . . . . . . .
103
8.1 Introduction, 103 8.2 Test Methods and Physical Properties, 103 8.3 Internal Pressure Rating, 1