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John Dyson has contributed to the study of the hydrodynamic processes that govern a wide variety of astrophysical sources which he has helped explain. In this volume dedicated to him, introductory reviews to a number of the key processes and to the sources themselves are given by leading experts. The mechanisms in which the multi-component natures of media affect their dynamics receive particular attention, but the roles of hydromagnetic effects are also highlighted. The importance of cosmic ray moderation and mass transfer between different thermal phases for cosmic ray moderation and mass transfer between different thermal phases for the evolution of flows are amongst the topics treated. The main types of regions considered include those where stars form, the circumstellar environments of evolved stars, the larger scale interstellar structures caused by the mass loss of stars, and those where the lines of AGNs form.The reviews complement one another and together provide a coherent introduction to the astrophysics of diffuse sources suitable for postgraduate students and researchers in astrophysics. Individual reviews stand alone and are suitable for an audience that includes advanced undergraduates doing final year projects.
E-Book Content
DIFFUSE MATTER FROM STAR FORMING REGIONS TO ACTIVE GALAXIES
ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE PROCEEDINGS
DIFFUSE MATTER FROM STAR FORMING REGIONS TO ACTIVE GALAXIES A VOLUME HONOURING JOHN DYSON
Edited by
T.W. HARTQUIST School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, UK
J.M. PITTARD School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, UK
and
S.A.E.G. FALLE Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Leeds, UK
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN-10 ISBN-13 ISBN-10 ISBN-13
1-4020-5424-6 (HB) 978-1-4020-5424-2 (HB) 1-4020-5425-4 (e-book) 978-1-4020-5425-9 (e-book)
Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springer.com
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved © 2007 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
Contents
John Dyson – A Biographical Sketch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv List of Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix Part I: Star Forming Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
Numerical Simulations of Star Formation S.A.E.G. Falle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
Molecular Astrophysics of Star Formation D. A. Williams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Dusty Plasma Effects in Star Forming Regions T.W. Hartquist, O. Havnes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Massive Star Formation M.G. Hoare, J. Franco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Spectropolarimetry and the Study of Circumstellar Disks R.D. Oudmaijer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 How to Move Ionized Gas: An Introduction to the Dynamics of Hii Region