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The volume consists of papers prepared for the International Symposium of Chadic Linguistics (Boulder, Colorado, May 1-2, 1987). Although the papers are representative of the current work being done in the field of Chadic linguistics, they also reflect the current and past interests and methodologies of general linguistics. The papers included in the volume should therefore be of interest to a general linguist as much as to the Chadicist or a specialist in some other Afroasiatic branch. The papers are grouped by the areas of linguistic fields and methodologies. Papers on syntax are followed by papers on morphology, phonology, and methodology of historical reconstruction.
E-Book Content
CURRENT PROGRESS IN CHADIC LINGUISTICS
AMSTERDAM STUDIES IN THE THEORY AND HISTORY OF LINGUISTIC SCIENCE General Editor E.F. KONRAD KOERNER (University of Ottawa)
Series IV - CURRENT ISSUES IN LINGUISTIC THEORY
Advisory Editorial Board Henning Andersen (Buffalo, N.Y.); Raimo Anttila (Los Angeles) Thomas V. Gamkrelidze (Tbilisi); Hans-Heinrich Lieb (Berlin) J. Peter Maher (Chicago); Ernst Pulgram (Ann Arbor, Mich.) E.Wyn Roberts (Vancouver, B.C.); Danny Steinberg (Tokyo)
Volume 62
Zygmunt Frajzyngier (ed.) Current Progress in Chadic Linguistics
CURRENT PROGRESS IN CHADIC LINGUISTICS Proceedings of the International Symposium on Chadic Linguistics Boulder, Colorado, 1-2 May, 1987
Edited by
ZYGMUNT FRAJZYNGIER University of Colorado at Boulder
JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY AMSTERDAM/PHILADELPHIA 1989
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data International Symposium on Chadic Linguistics (1987: Boulder, Colo.) Current progress in Chadic linguistics. (Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science. Series IV, Current issues in linguistic theory, ISSN 0304-0763; v. 62) Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1. Chadic languages — Congresses. I. Frajzyngier, Zygmunt. II. Title. PL8026.C53I59 1987 493'.7 88-36036 ISBN 90 272 3559 7 (alk. paper) © Copyright 1989 - John Benjamins B.V. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher.
CONTENTS
Introduction Zygmunt Frajzyngier Variation in FOCUS constructions* Laurice Tuller Case assignment in Hausa, Kanakuru, and Ngizim BJ. Johnson Word orders in Gude and the VSO Parameter Rejean Canac Marquis Complementizers in Hausa Gerrit J. Dimmendaal An alternative model of word order in Proto-Chadic Kemp Williams A new look at the NP+NÀÀ+NP constructions M. M. Garba The verbal system of Ader Hausa Bernard Caron Gender and number in Miya* Russell G. Schuh Origine de l'extension verbale (ə)r(ə) instrumental et connecteur, en Ouldémé. Synchronie dynamique et diachronie Véronique de Colombel Intonation in Chadic: An overview* William R. Leben Hausa and the prothetic alif Carleton Hodge
1 9 35 55 87 111 121 131 171
183 199 219
CONTENTS
Double epenthesis and N-class in Chadic Zygmunt Frajzyngier and Robert Koops Is Hausa an early or late stage Chadic language? Herrmann Jungraithmayr Verbal conjugation in Proto-Chadic Rainer M. Voigt On semantics of Arabic loan words in Hausa Sergio Baldi INDEX OF TOPICS INDEX OF LANGUAGES AND DIALECTS INDEX OF NAMES
233 251 267 285 303 307 309
INTRODUCTION ZYGMUNT FRAJZYNGEER University of Colorado
1. Position of Chadic languages Chadic languages, the largest branch of the Afroasiatic (Semito-Hamitic) family are spoken in Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Cameroon, and by immigrant communities in a number of other West African countries. The largest of Chadic languages, Hausa, is spoken as the first language by at least 20 million people and is widely used as a vehicular language in Nigeria. Out of some 140 langu