Chemistry, Biology, And Medicine Of Neurohypophyseal Hormones And Their Analogs. The Peptides Analysis, Synthesis, Biology, Vol. 8

THE PEPTIDES Analysis, Synthesis, Biology Treatise Editors S. UDENFRIEND AND J. MEIENHOFER Volume 1 Major Methods of Peptide Bond Formation Volume 2 Special Methods in Peptide Synthesis, Part A Volume 3 Protection of Functional Groups in Peptide Synthesis Volume 4 Modern Techniques of Conformational, Structural, and Configurational Analysis Volume 5 Special Methods in Peptide Synthesis, Part B Volume 6 Opioid Peptides: Biology, Chemistry, and Genetics Volume 7 Edited by Victor J. Hruby Conformation in Biology and Drug Design Volume 8 Edited by Clark W. Smith Chemistry, Biology, and Medicine of Neurohypophyseal Hormones and Their Analogs The Peptides Analysis, Synthesis, Biology Edited by SIDNEY UDENFRIEND JOHANNES MEIENHOFER Roche Institute of Molecular Nutley, New Jersey Berlex Laboratories, Cedar Knolls, New Biology Inc. Jersey V O L U M E 8 Chemistry, Biology, and Medicine of Neurohypophyseal Hormones and Their Analogs Edited by CLARK W. SMITH Biopolymer The Upjohn Kalamazoo, Chemistry Company Michigan 1987 ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers Orlando Boston San Diego London New York Sydney Tokyo Austin Toronto C O P Y R I G H T © 1987 B Y A C A D E M I C PRESS, I N C A L L RIGHTS RESERVED. N O PART O F T H I S P U B L I C A T I O N M A Y B E R E P R O D U C E D O R T R A N S M I T T E D I N A N Y F O R M O R BY A N Y M E A N S , E L E C T R O N I C OR M E C H A N I C A L , INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION I N WRITING FROM T H E PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Orlando, Florida 32887 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS INC. (LONDON) 24-28 Oval Road. London N W l 7 D X LTD. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data (Revised forvol. 8) The Peptides : analysis, synthesis, biology. Vol. 6edited by Sidney Udenfriend and others. Includes bibliographies and indexes. Contents: v. 1. Maior methods of peptide bond formation.-V. 2. Special methods in peptide synthesis, part A.-[etc.] - v . 8. Chemistry, biology, and medicine of neurohypophyseal hormones and their analogs. 1. Peptides-Collected works. 2. Peptides. I. Gross, Erhard. QP552.P4P47 574.Γ92456 78-31958 ISBN 0-12-304208-9 (v. 8: alk. paper) PRINTED IN THH UNITtD STATKS OF AMERICA 86 87 88 89 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Preface The last treatise that covered the chemistry, biology, and medicine of neu­ rohypophyseal hormones was the excellent work edited by B. Berde in Volume 23 of the "Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology" in 1968. During tνie interim there have been a number of reviews that covered specific aspects of the chemistry or the biology or the medicine of neurohypophyseal hormones. In Volume 8 of *'The Peptides" I have attempted again to bring together many of the advances in our knowledge about this important class of peptides in all three disciplines into one volume. The emphasis of Volume 8 is certainly different from that of the " H a n d b o o k " and reflects the advances in methods to study peptide hormone action at the molecular level. Powerful new methods in physical chemistry and biophysics have allowed the study of specific conformational features to be related to bio­ logical activity. Recombinant molecular biology has allowed the elucidation of the biosynthetic pathway of neurohypophyseal hormones. New methods in cell biology have advanced our knowledge of peptide hormone-receptor interactions and the role of the second messenger molecules. New techniques in protein bioche