Modeling With Data. Tools And Techniques For Scientific Computing

gsl_stats July 10, 2008 Modeling with Data gsl_stats July 10, 2008 gsl_stats July 10, 2008 Modeling with Data Tools and Techniques for Scientific Computing Ben Klemens PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD gsl_stats July 10, 2008 Copyright © 2009 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, OX20 1TW All Rights Reserved Klemens, Ben. Modeling with data : tools and techniques for scientific computing / Ben Klemens. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-13314-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Mathematical statistics. 2. Mathematical models. I. Title. QA276.K546 2009 519.5–dc22 2008028341 British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available This book has been composed in LATEX The publisher would like to acknowledge the author of this volume for providing the camera-ready copy from which this book was printed. Printed on acid-free paper. ∞ press.princeton.edu Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 gsl_stats July 10, 2008 We believe that no one should be deprived of books for any reason. —Russell Wattenberg, founder of the Book Thing The author pledges to donate 25% of his royalties to the Book Thing of Baltimore, a non-profit that gives books to schools, students, libraries, and other readers of all kinds. gsl_stats July 10, 2008 gsl_stats July 10, 2008 C ONTENTS Preface xi Chapter 1. Statistics in the modern day 1 PART I COMPUTING 15 Chapter 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9