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This book takes the reader through the complete weathering cycle, from the continents to the oceans, from the perspective of modern radiogenic isotope geochemistry. Topics include surface weathering, fluvial processes, environmental pollution, oceanography and paleoceanography, sedimentary mineral diagenesis and radiometric dating, thus bridging the gap between processes acting on the Earth today and the geological record. Extensive use is made of carefully selected case studies, both pioneering and state-of-the-art. This book enables the reader to critically assess previous work from the literature as well as encouraging already established researchers to apply the most modern isotopic approaches to their particular field of study.
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Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences Editors: S. Bhattacharji, Brooklyn G. M. Friedman, Brooklyn and Troy H. J. Neugebauer, Bonn A. Seilacher, Tuebingen and Yale
68
Springer Berlin -Heidelberg New York Barcelona Budapest Hong Kong London Milan Santa Clara Singapore Paris Tokyo
Peter Stille Graham Shields
Radiogenic Isotope Geochemistry of Sedimentary and Aquatic Systems With 144 Figures and 14 Tables
Springer
Authors Dr. Peter Stille Research Director Centre de Geochimie de la Surface (C.N.R.S.) I rue Blessig, Strasbourg Cedex, France Dr. Graham Shields Centre de Geochimie de la Surface (C.N.R.S.) I rue Blessig, Strasbourg Codex, France
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St111e, Peter, 1950Rad|ogenlc I s o t o p e g e o c h e m i s t r y o f s e d i m e n t a r y and a q u a t i c systems / Peter Stllle. Graham S h i e l d s . p. cm. - - ( L e c t u r e n o t e s In e a r t h s c i e n c e s . ISSN 0 9 3 0 - 0 3 1 7 ; 68) Includes bibliographical references and Index. ISBN 3 - 5 4 0 - 6 3 1 7 7 - 1 (softcover : alk. paper) 1. I s o t o p e g e o l o g y . 2. Wea~her~ng. 3. S e d i m e n t s ( G e o l o g y ) I. Shields, Graham, 1 9 7 0 [I, Title. III. Series. OESOl.4.NgS75 1997 551.9--dc21 97-34436 CIP
ISSN 0930-0317 ISBN 3-540-63177-1 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. 9 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1997 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Typesetting: Camera ready by author SPIN: i 0528848 3213142-543210 - Printed on acid-free paper
Table of Contents
1 Introduction and Basic Principles of Isotope G e o c h e m i s t r y .......................... 1 1.1 Stable Isotopes .................................................................................................... I 1.2 Radiogenic Isotopes ............................................................................................ 2 1.2. I The Rb-Sr M e t h o d ............................................................................. 3 1.2.2 The U - T h - P b M e t h o d .......................................................................... 5 1.2