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The three volumes of this handbook treat the fundamentals, technology and nanotechnology of nitride semiconductors with an extraordinary clarity and depth. They present all the necessary basics of semiconductor and device physics and engineering together with an extensive reference section. Volume 3 deals with nitride semiconductor devices and device technology. Among the application areas that feature prominently here are LEDs, lasers, FETs and HBTs, detectors and unique issues surrounding solar blind detection.
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Hadis Morkoc¸ Handbook of Nitride Semiconductors and Devices
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Hadis Morkoç
Handbook of Nitride Semiconductors and Devices Vol. 3: GaN-based Optical and Electronic Devices
The Author Prof. Dr. Hadis Morkoç Virginia Commonwealth University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Richmond, VA USA
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Contents Preface
XI
Color Tables XIX 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7.1 1.7.2 1.8 1.9 1.9.1 1.9.1.1 1.9.1.2 1.9.1.3 1.9.1.4 1.9.1.5 1.9.2 1.9.3 1.9.4 1.10 1.10.1 1.10.2 1.11
Light-Emitting Diodes and Lighting 1 Introduction 1 Current-Conduction Mechanism in LED-Like Structures 4 Optical Output Power 6 Losses and Efficiency 7 Current Crowding 11 Packaging 15 Perception of Visible Light and Color 22 Visible-Light Terminology 27 Luminous Efficacy 29 Chromaticity Coordinates and Color Temperature 30 Inroads by LEDs 33 Nitride LED Performance 37 LEDs on Sapphire Substrates 38 Blue and Green LEDs 40 Amber LEDs 47 UV LEDs 48 Resonant Cavity-Enhanced LED 55 Effect of Threading Dislocation on LEDs 57 LEDs on SiC Substrates 60 LEDs on Si Substrates 61 LEDs Utilizing Rare Earth Transitions 62 On the Nature of Light Emission in Nitride-Based LEDs 64 Pressure Dependence of Spectra 65 Current and Temperature Dependence of Spectra 67 LED Degradation 70
Handbook of Nitride Semiconductors and