∏ National Geographic Society, Ô ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚÔ˜ ÌË ÎÂÚ‰ÔÛÎÔÈÎfi˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi˜ Î·È ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎfi˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌfi˜ ÛÙÔÓ ÎfiÛÌÔ, ȉڇıËΠÙÔ 1888 Ì ÛÙfi¯Ô «ÙËÓ ÚÔ·ÁˆÁ‹ Î·È ÙË ‰È¿‰ÔÛË Ù˘ ÁˆÁÚ·ÊÈ΋˜ ÁÓÒÛ˘». ∞fi ÙËÓ ›‰Ú˘Û‹ Ù˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ˘ÔÛÙËÚ›ÍÂÈ ¿Óˆ ·fi 7.000 ÂÍÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈΤ˜ ·ÔÛÙÔϤ˜ Î·È ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈο ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù·, Û˘Ì‚¿ÏÏÔÓÙ·˜ ÛÙË ÁÓÒÛË Ù˘ °Ë˜, Ù˘ ı¿Ï·ÛÛ·˜ Î·È ÙÔ˘ Ô˘Ú·ÓÔ‡, ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Ù˘ ÈÛÙÔÚ›·˜ Î·È ÙÔ˘ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÔ‡. ∏ NGS Âηȉ‡ÂÈ Î·È ÂÌÓ¤ÂÈ Î·ıËÌÂÚÈÓ¿ ÂηÙÔÌ̇ÚÈ· ·ÓıÚÒÔ˘˜ Ì ÂÚÈÔ‰Èο, ‚È‚Ï›·, ÙËÏÂÔÙÈο ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ‚›ÓÙÂÔ, ¯¿ÚÙ˜ Î·È ¿ÙÏ·ÓÙ˜, Ì ˘ÔÙÚÔʛ˜ ÁÈ· ¤Ú¢ӷ, Ì ÙÔ ‰È·ÁˆÓÈÛÌfi National Geographic Bee, Ì ÂÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈ· ÁÈ· ‰·ÛοÏÔ˘˜ Î·È Ì ڈÙÔÔÚÈ·Îfi ÂÔÙÈÎfi ˘ÏÈÎfi ‰È‰·Ûηϛ·˜. ∏ NGS ÛÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙȘ ÂÈÛÊÔÚ¤˜ ÙˆÓ ÌÂÏÒÓ Ù˘ Î·È ÛÙ· ¤ÛÔ‰· ·fi ÙËÓ ÒÏËÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ Ù˘ ÚÔ˚fiÓÙˆÓ. Δ· ̤ÏË Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ÙÔ National Geographic, ÙÔ Â›ÛËÌÔ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi Ù˘ NGS, Î·È ·ÔÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ‰È¿ÊÔÚ· ÚÔÓfiÌÈ·, fiˆ˜ ÂÎÙÒÛÂȘ ÛÙ· ÚÔ˚fiÓÙ· Ù˘ NGS Î.¿.
∫. ¶∞¶∞ƒƒ∏°√¶√À§√À
π™Δ√ƒπ∞ Δ√À ∂§§∏¡π∫√À ∂£¡√À™ ™Δ∏¡ ∫√π¡∏ ¡∂√∂§§∏¡π∫∏ °§ø™™∞ ™Àª¶§∏ƒøª∂¡∏ ∫∞π ∂¶π∫∞πƒ√¶√π∏ª∂¡∏ ª∂Ãπ Δ√ 2004
Δ√ª√™ 17 1341 - 1453
∫. ¶∞¶∞ƒƒ∏°√¶√À§√À
π™Δ√ƒπ∞ Δ√À ∂§§∏¡π∫√À ∂£¡√À™ ŒÎ‰ÔÛË Ù˘ National Geographic Society ∂∫¢√Δ∏™
°ÈÒÚÁÔ˜ ∫ÔÂÏÈ¿‰Ë˜ ¢π∂À£À¡™∏ ∂∫¢√™∏™
™¿‚‚·˜ ∫·Ú¤Ï˘ ™Àªμ√À§√™ ∂∫¢√™∏™
¡›ÎÔ˜ ª¿ÚÁ·Ú˘ ¢π∂À£À¡™∏ ¢∏ªπ√Àƒ°π∫√À
¶ÂÏ·Á›· °È·ÎÔ˘Ì¿ÎË ∂¶π™Δ∏ª√¡π∫√π ™Àªμ√À§√π - KEIMENA
μ·ÁÁ¤Ï˘ ¢Ú·ÎfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜ ª. ∞ÙÌ·Ù˙›‰Ô˘, μ. ∞Ó·ÁÓˆÛÙÔÔ‡ÏÔ˘, M. °ÂˆÚÁÔ˘‰¿Î˘, ¶. °˘ÊÙÔÔ‡ÏÔ˘, A. ∏ÏÈ¿‰Ë,, ª. £ÂÔ‰ˆÚ·Î¿Î˘, ¡. §È‚·Ófi˜, ¡. ∫·ÛÙÚÈÓ¿Î˘, N. MÂÏ‚¿ÓÈ, ¡. ¶··‰ËÌËÙÚ›Ô˘, μ. ΔÚÈ¿ÓÙË ∂¶πª∂§∂π∞ ∫∂πª∂¡ø¡ - ª∂Δ∞°§øΔΔπ™∏
ª·Ú›· ∞ÏÂ͛Ԣ ∞. μÏ·¯Ô‰‹ÌÔ˘, ∂. °ÏÂ˙¤ÏÏË, μ. ∫ÂÚÂÛÙÂÙ˙‹, ™. ∫ÚÔΛ‰Ë, ∞. ∫ÒÙÛË, ∂. ¶··ÓÈÎÔÏ¿Ô˘, ∏. ™ÈÓÈÁ¿ÏÈ·, ª. ΔÈÎÔÔ‡ÏÔ˘, ∞. ºˆÙÂÈÓÔ‡, ∞. ÷ÌÂ˙ÔÔ‡ÏÔ˘
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY «For the increase and diffusion of geographic knowledge» John M. Fahey, Jr. President and Chief Executive Officer Gilbert M. Grosvenor Chairman of the Board Tim T. Kelly President, Global Media Group John Q. Griffin Executive Vice President; President, Publishing Nina D. Hoffman Executive Vice President; President, Book Publishing Group
∫∞§§πΔ∂áπ∫∏ ∂¶πª∂§∂π∞
∂˘ÚÈ›‰Ë˜ ¢ÂÛÔÙ›‰Ë˜ ∞. ∫·ÙÛ¿, °. ª·ÚÙ˙Ô‡ÎÔ˜, ∂. ∫Ô‡ÛÎÔ˘ÚË, °. ∫Ô˘Ú¿Û˘, ™. ∫·ÓÛÔ‡ ∂¶πª∂§∂π∞ ¶∞ƒ∞°ø°∏™
ª·ÓfiÏ˘ ∫·ÛÙÚÈÓ¿Î˘ ª. ª˘ÏˆÓ¿˜, μ. ªÈÚÌÈÏfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜ ∞¡∞¶ΔÀ•∏ §√°π™ªπ∫√À
¡›ÎÔ˜ ∫fiÓÙ˘ °. ¶·¯fi˜, ∫. °ÂÚÔÓÙ‹˜, ª. ¶ÂÊ¿Ó˘ ∂¶∂•∂ƒ°∞™π∞ ∂π∫√¡∞™ ª. Δ˙ÒÚÙ˙˘ 3D DESIGN Δ. ∫·Ùۛη˜
TE™™∂ƒ∞ ¶π ∞.∂. www.4pi.gr ∞ÔÎÏÂÈÛÙÈÎfi˜ ÂΉfiÙ˘ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Ù˘ National Geographic Society ÁÈ· Ù· μÈ‚Ï›· Î·È Ù· ¶ÂÚÈÔ‰Èο National Geographic Magazine Î·È NG KIDS.
∂π∫√¡√°ƒ∞º∏™∂π™ °. ¶ÈÛÎÔ¿Ó˘, K. ºÔ˘ÙÛ›‰Ë˜
£fi‰ˆÚÔ˜ ™›ÓÔ˘Ï·˜, ¢ËÌ‹ÙÚ˘ ÷Ù˙‹˜ ¢È¢ı‡ÓÔÓÙ˜ ™‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ
∂¶πª∂§∂π∞ ∂π∫√¡√°ƒ∞º∏™∏™ Δ. μÂÓÂÙÛ·ÓfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜, ª. ∫·ÏÂÒ‰Ë, ∫. ∫·ÏÔÁÈ¿ÓÓË, ™. ∫Ô˙·Ó›‰Ô˘
∏ÓÈfi¯Ô˘ 26, ÷ϿӉÚÈ 152 38 ΔËÏ. 210 6070100 Fax: 210 6070199 ™˘Ó‰ÚÔ̤˜: 210 6070060, e-mail:
[email protected]
¶∞ƒ∞°ø°∏ ∂ÎÙ‡ˆÛË: 3∂ ∂ÎÙ˘ˆÙÈ΋ ∞.∂. ∫·ÏÏÈÙ¯ÓÈ΋ μÈ‚ÏÈÔ‰ÂÛ›·: μ·Û›Ï˘ °ÂˆÚÁ›Ô˘, °ÂÒÚÁÈÔ˜ ™Ù¿ÌÔ˘, General Pack A.E.
©2009-2010 National Geographic Society - Δ¤ÛÛÂÚ· ¶È ∂ȉÈΤ˜ ∂ΉfiÛÂȘ ∞.∂.
¶∂ƒπ∂Ã√ª∂¡∞
[5]
8 √ıˆÌ·ÓÔ› √ÛÌ¿Ó, √Ú¯¿Ó, ∞Ï·ÂÓÙ›Ó ● To ÛÒÌ· ÙˆÓ ÁÂÓÈÙÛ¿ÚˆÓ ● √ ÂÍÈÛÏ·ÌÈÛÌfi˜ ÙˆÓ ●
¯ÚÈÛÙÈ·ÓÒÓ ● ∏ ¿ÏˆÛË Ù˘ ¡›Î·È·˜ ·fi ÙÔÓ √Ú¯¿Ó ● πˆ¿ÓÓ˘ ∫·ÓÙ·ÎÔ˘˙ËÓfi˜ - ∞ÁÒÓ·˜ Ì ÙÔ˘˜ ¶·Ï·ÈÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜ ● ∫·Ù·ÛÙÚÔÊÈΤ˜ Û˘ÌÌ·¯›Â˜ Ì ΔÔ‡ÚÎÔ˘˜ Î·È ™¤Ú‚Ô˘˜ ● ¶ÂÏÔfiÓÓËÛÔ˜, ∞ÙÙÈ΋, ∂‡‚ÔÈ· ● ∏ ηٿÛÙ·ÛË Ù˘ ÊÚ·ÁÎÔÎÚ·Ù›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ◊ÂÈÚÔ ● ∫Ú‹ÙË - Δ· ÓËÛÈ¿ ÙÔ˘ ∞ÈÁ·›Ô˘ ● ªÔ˘Ú¿Ù ∞′ ● μ·ÁÈ·˙‹Ù ∞′ ● ¶ÂÏÔfiÓÓËÛÔ˜ - √È ÚÒÙÔÈ ∞Ï‚·ÓÔ› ¤ÔÈÎÔÈ ● ∞ÙÙÈ΋ - √È ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›Â˜ ÂÚȤÙÂȘ ÙˆÓ ∫·Ù·Ï·ÓÒÓ ● ¡·‚·ÚÈ΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· ÛÙËÓ ¶ÂÏÔfiÓÓËÛÔ - ∞ÎÎÈ·˚Ô˘fiÏÔÈ