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This reader provides a wealth of political and diplomatic primary source documents, including many selections illustrated with photographs. Each document is preceded by a headnote that places the document within a historical context. Headnotes conclude with Questions to Consider, which stimulate comprehension of the document and provide comparative analysis of related selections.
E-Book Content
A MORE PERFECT UNION Documents in U.S. History SECOND EDITION VOLUME I: TO 1877
Paul F. Boller, Jr. Ronald Story University of Massachusetts, Amherst
CONTENTS
Preface xiii Introduction 1
CHAPTER ONE Planters and Puritans 1. First Rights and Privileges 8 The Virginia Ordinance of 1621 9 2. The Underside of Privilege 12 Virginia Slavery Legislation (1630-1691) 3. Separatist Beginnings 16 The Mayflower Compact (1620)
13
17
4. The Puritan Vision 19 A Model of Christian Charity (1630) John Winthrop
20
5. A Gathering of Individuals 24 The Bloody Tenent of Persecution (1644) Roger Williams
25
6. Puritan Twilight 27 Christ Knows How Many Devils There Are (1692) Samuel Parris 7. An Imperial Presence The Navigation Act of 1696
32 33
Counterpoint I: Slavery and Society 35
29
viii Contents
CHAPTER TWO Strides Toward Freedom 8. A Right to Criticize 42 John Peter Zenger's Libel Trial (1735)
43
9. The Great Awakening 47 Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God (1741) Jonathan Edwards
49
10. Multiplicity and Abundance 52 Journey to Pennsylvania (1756) 53 Gottlieb Mittelberger 11.
Colonial Wisdom 56
The Way to Wealth (1758) Benjamin Franklin
57
12. A Shattered Empire 62 The Declaration of Independence (1776)
63
13. Ideology and Agitation 67 The Crisis, Number Three (1777) 68 Thomas Paine 14. Securing Liberty 73 The Federalist, Number Ten (1787) James Madison
75
Counterpoint II: Nationalism, Democracy, and War 80
CHAPTER THREE Nationalists and Partisans 15. The Industrial Vision 88 On Manufactures (1791) 90 Alexander Hamilton 16. A Call for Unity 96 First Inaugural Address (1801) 97 Thomas Jefferson
Contents ix 17. The Constitution Protected 102 Marbury v. Madison (1803) 103 18. The Wide Missouri
107
Report on the Missouri and Columbia Rivers (1806) Meriwether Lewis
108
19. Empowering Congress 112 McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) 113 20. A Hemispheric Interest 118 The Monroe Doctrine (1823) 120 21. The Sectional Specter 123 South Carolina Exposition and Protest (1828) John C. Calhoun 22. Assaulting Monopoly Bank Veto Message (1832) Andrew Jackson
125
128 130
23. The Trail of Tears 134 Appeal of the Cherokee Nation (1830)
135
24. To the Farthest Shores 138 The Destiny of the Race (1846) 139 Thomas Hart Benton Counterpoint III: Politics and Money
143
CHAPTER FOUR The Age of Reform 25. A Call to Arms 150 Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World (1829) David Walker
151
26. Christianity and Freedom 155 The Constitution of the American Anti-Slavery Society (1833) William Lloyd Garrison
156
x Contents 27. Rising Generations 159 Report on the Public Schools (1840) 161 Horace Mann 28. The Utopians 166 The Constitution of the Brook Farm Association (1841) 29. Women's Freedom 170 Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845) Margaret Fuller 30. Women's Rights 175 The Seneca Falls Declaration of 1848 31. Demon Rum 181 Ten Nights in a Bar-Room (1854) T. S. Arthur
172
176
183
32. Race, Slavery, and the Constitution Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) 189 33. Liberty and Union 195 The Republican Party Platform of 1860
196
Counterpoint IV: R