The Sustainable Forestry Handbook
SECOND EDITION
The Sustainable Forestry Handbook
A practical guide for tropical forest managers on implementing new standards SECOND EDITION
Sophie Higman, James Mayers, Stephen Bass, Neil Judd and Ruth Nussbaum
London • Sterling, VA
This publication is an output from a research project funded by the United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID) for the benefit of developing countries. The views expressed are not necessarily those of DFID. R6370 – Forestry Research Programme. First published by Earthscan in the UK and USA in 2005 Copyright © ProForest Limited and International Institute for Environment and Development, 2005 All rights reserved ISBN:
1-84407-118-9 hardback
Typesetting by Mapset Ltd, Gateshead, UK Printed and bound in the UK by Cromwell Press, Trowbridge Cover design by Ruth Bateman Cover photo © Sophie Higman Illustrations © Kathryn K Davis Icons © Christine Bass For a full list of publications please contact: Earthscan 8–12 Camden High Street London, NW1 0JH, UK Tel: +44 (0)20 7387 8558 Fax: +44 (0)20 7387 8998 Email:
[email protected] Web: www.earthscan.co.uk 22883 Quicksilver Drive, Sterling, VA 20166-2012, USA Earthscan is an imprint of James and James (Science Publishers) Ltd and publishes in association with the International Institute for Environment and Development A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data has been applied for Printed on elemental chlorine-free paper
Contents
List of Tables, Figures and Boxes Acronyms and Abbreviations Acknowledgements Using This Handbook Part One: Introduction to International Standards for Forest Management
ix xiii xv xvi 1
Introduction to Part One
3
Chapter 1 What is Sustainable Forest Management? 1.1 Elements of sustainable forest management
4 5
Chapter 2 Why Practise Sustainable Forest Management? 2.1 Forest governance 2.2 Environmental and social risk reduction 2.3 Playing a part in development 2.4 The business case for SFM 2.5 Forestry’s future challenges
6 6 11 12 13 15
Chapter 3 Standards for Sustainable Forest Management 3.1 What are SFM standards? 3.2 Who develops standards and how? 3.3 Process and performance standards 3.4 International initiatives 3.5 National initiatives
18 18 18 20 21 24
Part Two: What Do the Standards Require?
27
Introduction to Part Two
29
Chapter 4 The Legal and Policy Framework 4.1 Compliance with legislation and regulations 4.2 Tenure and use rights 4.3 The forest organization’s commitment to SFM
32 32 33 34
Chapter 5 Sustained and Optimal Production of Forest Products 5.1 Management planning 5.2 Sustained yield of forest products 5.3 Monitoring 5.4 Protection of the forest resource 5.5 Economic viability an