Literature Suppressed On Social Grounds (banned Books)

banned Books Y LITERATURE SUPPRESSED ON Social Grounds Revised Edition D AWN B. S OVA PREFACE BY K EN W ACHSBERGER Banned Books: Literature Suppressed on Social Grounds, Revised Edition Copyright © 2006 by Dawn B. Sova All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sova, Dawn B. Literature suppressed on social grounds/ Dawn B. Sova.— Rev. ed. p. cm. — (Banned books) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8160-6271-4 (acid-free paper) 1. Censorship—History. 2. Prohibited books—History. 3. Social problems—United States—History. 4. Social problems—History. 5. Social problems in literature. I. Title: Social grounds. II. Title. III. Banned books (2006). Z658.U5S69 2006 363.31'09—dc22 2005030984 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfile.com Text design by Cathy Rincon Cover design by Salvatore Luongo Printed in the United States of America MP FOF 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. To my son, Robert Gregor, and to all young people who will try to make the world they have inherited a better place. There is no freedom either in civil or ecclesiastical [affairs], but where the liberty of the press is maintained. —Matthew Tindal If all mankind minus one were of one opinion, and only one person were of the contrary opinion, mankind would be no more justified in silencing that one person, than he, if he had the power, would be justified in silencing mankind. —John Stuart Mill Dare to think for yourself. —Voltaire CONTENTS Acknowledgments vii Preface ix Introduction xi Works Discussed in This Volume xiii LITERATURE SUPPRESSED ON SOCIAL GROUNDS 1 Biographical Profiles 305 Bibliography 328 Works Discussed in Other Volumes of This Series 348 Index 369 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS T he long history of censorship has created many heroes, both famous and obscure, who have dared to defy the restrictions of their times to write and publish the truth as they understood it. Some are discussed in this volume, but many others have been silenced, their works destroyed. To all, however, this book owes both life and purpose. Had they acquiesced to those who suppress, censor, and ban ideas or language that displeases powerful authorities, smug majorities, or vocal minorities, our intellectual universe would be significantly smaller. I am grateful for my association with Bert Holtje of James Peter Associates, Inc., whose support and advice as both literary agent and friend helped me to maintain perspective throughout this lengthy project. His insight and literate commentary helped to resolve seemingly insurmountable problems. My sincere gratitude also belongs to former Facts On File editors Gary M. Krebs, who saw potential in the idea and courageously proposed a censorship series, and Drew Silver, who provided substance and direction to the work. My greatest appreciation, however, goes to Jeff Soloway, who has made this revised edition a much better book. Some of the works discussed in this volume have been difficult to locate. I would have been unable to locate this literature without the efforts of I. Macarthur Nickles, director of the Garfield (New Jersey) Library, a man whose professional expertise and insight ha