ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR Volume 23 Contributors to This Volume Harry Beilin Willis F. Overton Robert Kail Juan Pascual-Leone Carol Lynn Martin Elise G. Pearlman Sergio Morra Hayne W. Reese Frank B. Murray Ellin Kofsky Scholnick ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR edited by Hayne W. Reese Department of Psychology West Virginia University Morgantown, West Virginia Volume 23 ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers San Diego New York Boston Tokyo Toronto London Sydney This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright 0 1991 BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher Academic Press, Inc. San Diego, California 92101 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS LIMITED 24-28 Oval Road, London NW I 7DX Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: ISBN 0-12-009723-0 (alk. paper) PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 91 92 93 94 9 R 7 6 5 4 3 2 I 63-23237 Contents Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Preface ........................... xi The Structure of Developmental Theory 1. 11. 111. IV. V. VI. VII. WILLIS F. OVERTON lntrc~duction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Science and Values.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .............................. Philosophy and Sci ................................... Aims of Science . . ........................................ The Origin of Scien .............................. From Common Sense t o Scienti .............................. Developmental Theories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R e f ~ r ~ n c e. .s. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... I 2 6 6 7 8 22 34 Questions a Satisfying Developmental Theory Would Answer: The Scope of a Complete Explanation of Development Phenomena FRANK B. MURRAY Intrc~duction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. A Good Developmental Theory.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111. Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Refrrence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I. 39 40 47 47 The Development of World Views: Toward Future Synthesis? ELLlN KOFSKY SCHOLNICK Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. Developmental Changes in Overton's Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. V 49 51