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Few cells conform to the stereotype of the spherical blob hastily scribbled on chalkboards and, regrettably, sometimes even displayed prominently in textbooks. Instead, real cells display a remarkable degree of structural and functional asymmetry. In modern cell biological parlance, this asymmetry has come to be lumped under the general heading of "cell polarity". Cell polarity is by no means restricted to the cells of tissues and organs, but can also be displayed by cells that lead a more solitary existence. The amazing extent to which cell morphology is correlated with function has long been a source of inspiration for biologists. Today the fascination continues unabated in the field of cell polarity, where it is fueled by an ever-deepening appreciation for the ways that fundamental cellular processes, such as membrane trafficking and cytoskeleton assembly, contribute to the establishment and maintenance of cell polarity. In the ensuing chapters, a collection of experts will summarize and interpret the findings obtained from basic research on cell polarity in a diverse array of experimental systems.
E-Book Content
ADVANCES IN MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY CELL Volume 26
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ADVANCES IN MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY CELL POLARITY Series Editor:
E. EDWARD BITTAR Department of Physiology University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin
Guest Editor:
JAMES R. BARTLES Department of Cell and Molecular Biology hbrthwestern University School of Medicine Chicago, lllinois
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VOLUME 26
1998
@JAI PRESS INC. Stamford, Connecticut
London, England
Copyright 0 19981Al P R K S INC. 7 00 Prospect Street Stamford, Connecticut 06901 )A1 PRESS LJD. 38 Javistock Street Covent Garden London WC2f 7PB England All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored on a retrieval system, or transmitted in any way, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, filming or otherwise without prior permission in writing from the publisher. ISBN: 0-7623-0381-6 Manufactured in the United States of America
CONTENTS
vii
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS PREFACE James R. Bartles
ix
CELL POLARITY IN THE BUDDING YEAST SACCHAROMYCES CEREVlSlAE Christine Costigan and Michael Snyder
1
CELL POLARITY AND MOUSE EARLY DEVELOPMENT Tom P. Flemin Elizabeth Butler, lane Collins, Bfav Sheth, and Arthur E. Wild
67
SIGNALS AND MECHANISMS OF SORTING IN EPITHELIAL POLARITY Cara 1. Cottardi and Michael]. Caplan
95
THE GENERATION OF POLARITY IN NEURONAL CELLS Sharon K. Powell and Rodolfo 1. Rivas
133
POLARITY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CELL SURFACE IN SKELETAL MUSCLE Annelise 0.lorgensen
157
POLARITY AND POLARIZATION OF FIBROBLASTS IN CULTURE Albert K . Harris
201
INDEX
253
V
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LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Elizabeth Butler
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Southampton Southampton, England
Michael 1. Caplan
Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut
lane Collins
Department of Pathology University of Southampton Southampton, England
Christine Costigan
Department of Biology Yale University New Haven, Connecticut
Tom P. Fleming
School of Biological Sciences University of Southampton Southampton, England
Cara 1. Cottardi
Department of Cell Biology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York. New York
Albert K. Harris
Department of Biology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Annelise 0.Jorgensen