Pests Of Crops In Warmer Climates And Their Control

Pests of Crops in Warmer Climates and Their Control Dennis S. Hill Pests of Crops in Warmer Climates and Their Control Dr. Dennis S. Hill 20 Saxby Avenue Skegness Lincs. PE25 3LG United Kingdom ISBN 978-1-4020-6737-2 e-ISBN 978-1-4020-6738-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008922458 © 2008 Springer Science + Business Media, B.V. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com Preface The original project was to produce a textbook for teaching agricultural entomology in the tropics (initially in Uganda) as at the time no suitable text was available. The accumulation of information for that compilation was generally regarded as successful; the first two editions published by C.U.P. are out of print and it was thought that a new version would be timely. In the UK Europe and North America there are various textbooks available in English, but none gives an overall (international) view of the subject and none has quite the same approach as this, where large amounts of information have been incorporated into a summarized form for easy assimilation. Initially only insect and mite pests were included, but it was felt useful to mention some of the other important pest animals. The sources of information are many, and are listed in the bibliography; some are referred to in the text. In a number of cases the original publication was not seen; the information was taken from a review article or from an abstract. Specimens for drawing were either personally collected or loaned from various institutions or collections, especially from the British Museum (Natural History) through the Keepers of Entomology (Dr P. Freeman, and Dr L. Mound), and the Trustees are thanked. Drawings were made by Hilary Broad, Karen Phillipps, and Alan Forster; a few were from other sources. Photographs were mostly taken by the author, but a few were from other sources and have appropriate acknowledgement under the plate. Identifications of insect specimens were made by staff of the Commonwealth Institute of Entomology and the Department of Entomology, British Museum (Natural History), who were also sources of general information and advice. Initial support for the project was made by the Rockefeller Foundation through a grant to the Faculty of Agriculture, Makerere University, Uganda. General facilities were made available by the Department of Zoology, University of Hong Kong, Alemaya University of Agriculture, Ethiopia, and University of Malaysia Sarawak. The successful completion of this project would not have been possible without the help of many colleagues, especially those from ADAS, and the Harpenden Laboratory of MAFF; also from Rothamsted Experimental Station, from FAO (Rome) and from many chemical companies. I would like to take this opportunity to thank specifically the following for their help in many different ways: Dr D.V. Alford, Mr R. Bardner, Dr V.F. Eastop, Susan D. Hainsworth, Mr C. Furk, Mr