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THE PHYSICS OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION This book explains the underlying physics of synchrotron radiation and derives its main properties. It is divided into four parts. The first covers the general case of the electromagnetic fields created by an accelerated relativistic charge. The second part concentrates on the radiation emitted by a charge moving on a circular trajectory, deriving its distribution in angle, frequency, and polarization modes. The third part looks at undulator radiation. Starting from the simple case of a plane weak undulator with a spatially periodic field that emits quasi-monochromatic radiation, the author then discusses strong undulators, emitting more complicated radiation and containing higher harmonics. More general undulators are also considered, with a non-planar (helical) electron trajectory or non-harmonic field. The final part deals with applications and investigates the optics of synchrotron radiation dominated by diffraction due to the small opening angle. It also includes a description of electron-storage rings as radiation sources and the effect of the emitted radiation on the electron beam. This book provides a valuable reference for scientists and engineers in the field of accelerators, and for all users of synchrotron radiation. a l b e r t h o f m a n n received his doctorate in physics from the ETH (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) in Z¨urich in 1964. From 1966 to 1972 he was a Research Fellow at the Cambridge Electron Accelerator, a joint laboratory of Harvard University and MIT. He then spent the next ten years working as Senior Physicist at CERN, Geneva. In 1983 he became a professor at Stanford University, working on the Stanford Linear Collider (SLC) and on optimizing the storage rings SPEAR and PEP for synchrotron-radiation use. He spent two years as head of the SLAC beam-dynamics group. He then returned to CERN, in 1987, and was jointly responsible for the commissioning of the Large Electron–Positron ring (LEP). After its completion, he worked on accelerator-physics problems with this machine until his retirement from CERN in 1998. Over the years Albert Hofmann has done consulting work for other machines, such as the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), the Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (SRRC) in Taiwan, and the Swiss Light Source (SLS). He has taught in over 25 short-term schools on accelerator physics and synchrotron radiation, and has published numerous papers. In 1992 he was elected to become a fellow of the American Physical Society, and in 1996 he received the Robert Wilson Prize from this Society. In 2001 he obtained the degree Doctor honoris causa from the University of Geneva. CAMBRIDGE MONOGRAPHS ON PARTICLE PHYSICS NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY 20 General Editors: T. Ericson, P. V. Landshoff 1. K. Winter (ed.): Neutrino Physics 2. J. F. Donoghue, E. Golowich and B. R. Holstein: Dynamics of the Standard Model 3. E. Leader and E. Predazzi: An Introduction to Gauge Theories and Modern Particle Physics, Volume I: Electroweak Interactions, the ‘New Particles’ and the Parton Model 4. E. Leader and E. Predazzi: An Introduction to Gauge Theories and Modern Particle Physics, Volume 2: 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. CP-Violation, QCD and Hard Processes C. Grupen: Particle Detectors H. Grosse and A. Martin: Particle Physics and the Schr¨odinger Equation B. Andersson: The Lund Model R. K. Ellis, W. J. Stirling and B. R. Webber: QCD and Collider Physics I. I. Bigi and A. I. Sanda: CP Violation A. V. Manohar and M. B. Wise: Heavy Quark Physics R. K. Bock, H. Grote, R. Fr¨uhwirth and M. Regler: Data Analysis Techniques for High-Energy Physics, Second edition D. Green: The Physics of Particle Detectors V. N. Gribov and J. Nyiri: Quantum Electrodynamics K. Winter (ed.): Neutrino Physics, Second edition E. Leader: Spin in Particle Phy