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Many of us have been fascinated as children by soap bubbles and soap films. Their shapes and colours are beautiful and they are great fun to pay with. With no les intensity, scientists and mathematicians have been interested in the properties of bubbles and films throughout scientific history.In this book David Lovett describes the properties of soap films and soap bubbles. He then uses their properties to illustrate and elucidate a wide range of physical principles and scientific phenomena in a way that unifies different concepts. The book will appeal not only to students and teachers at school and university but also to readers with a general scientific interest and to researchers studying soap films. For the most part simple school mathematics is used. Sections containing more advanced mathematics have been placed in boxes or appendices and can be omitted by readers without the appropriate mathematical background.The text is supported with* Over 100 diagrams and photgraphs.* Details of practical experiments that can be performed using simple household materials.* Computer programs that draw some of the more complicated figures or animate sequences of soap film configurations.* A bibliography for readers wishing to delve further into the subject.David Lovett is a lecturer in physics at the University of Essex. His research interests include Langmiur-Blodgett thin films and the use of models as teaching aids in physics. He has been interested in soap films since 1978 and has made a number of original contributions to the subject, particularly in the use of models which change their dimensions and their analogy with phase transitions. He has published three other books including ITensor Properties of Crystals (Institute of Physics Publishing 1989).John Tilley is also a lecturer in physics at the University of Essex with research interests in theoretical solid-state physics and soap films. He is coauthor of Superfluidity and Superconductivity (Institute of Physics Publishing, 3rd edition, 1990).
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Demonstrating Science with Soap Films - Frontispiece F2. Photographs sh o win g th e jump betwee n the two soap-film confi guration s within a fram ework s haped as a p e ntagonal prism. 1_ - Demonstrating Science with Soap Films David Lovett Department of Physics University of Essex Computer Programs John Tilley and David Lovett Institute of Physics Publishing Bristol and Philadelphia © lOP Publishing Ltd 1994 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Multiple copying is permitted in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency under the terms of its agreement with the Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lovett, D. R. Demonstrating science with soap films / David R. Lovett; computer programmes, John Tilley and David Lovett. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7503-0270-4. -- ISBN 0-7503-0269-0 (pbk.) 1. Soap-bubbles. 2. Soap-bubbles--Study and teaching. I. Tilley, John, Ph. D. II. Title. QC I83.L85 1994 530.4'275--dc20 94-30453 CIP ISBN 0 7503 0269 0 (pbk) o7503 0270 4 (hbk) The computer programs given in Appendix II were written using Mathematica. The programs were prepared for versions up to 2.2. Mathematica is a registered trademark of Wolfram Research, Inc., 100 Trade Center Drive, Champaign, IL 618207237, USA (phone: 1-217-398-0700; fax: 1-217-398-0747). Published by Institute of Phy