ADVANCES IN GEOPHYSICS VOLUME I8A Advances in GEOPHYSICS Edited by H. E. LANDSBERG lnrtftute for FluM Dynamics and Eqplrcd Mathematics University of Maryland, Cdlegt Park, Maryland J. V A N MIEGHEM Royal Belgian Meteorological Institute Uccle, &Ilium Editorkd Advisory Committee BERNARD HAURWITZ ROGER REVELLE R. STONELEY URHO A. UOTllA INTERNATIONAL UNION OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS AND INTERNATIONAL UNION OF GEODESY AND GEOPHYSICS TURBULENT DIFFUSION IN ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTlON Proceedings of a Symposium held at Charlottesville, Virginia, April 8-14, 1973 Edited by F. N. FRENKIEL Naval Ship Research and Development Center Betherdo, Maryland R. E. MUNN Atmospheric Environment Service Toronto. Ontario, Canada I974 VOLUME 18A AN ACADEMIC PRESS REPLICA REPRINT ACADEMIC PRESS A Yubvldlnry nf Hurcourt Br&tcrJUVHIIUVIC*II. Publlulwrn N e w York London Toronto H y d n e y Wan Franolroo This is an Academic Press Replica Reprint reproduced directly from the pages of a title for which type, plates, or film no longer exist. Although not up to the standards of the original, this method of reproduction makes it possible to provide copies of books which otherwise would be out of print. COPYRIGHT 0 1974. BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. ALL RIGHTS
[email protected] NO PART OF TlllS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR IRANSMITTEI) I N A N Y FORM OR rw ANY MIANS, I.I.ECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY. RFCORIHNC, O R ANY INPORMATION STORAGE AND REl'RIEVAL SYSTEM. WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PHESS, INC. 111 Fifth Avenue, New York.N e w York 10003 Uiii:ed Kingdom Edition publishid by ACADEMIC PRESS. INC. 24/?U Oval Road. London NWI (LONDON) LTD. LIBRAINY OF CONCHUS CATAIAIC CAHUNUMBER:52-12266 ISBN 0- 12-OlY818-X PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA H? ~ ~ 7 6 5 4 . 1 CONTENTS LIST OF C o ~ i ' w w m u....................................... FOREWORD .................................................. vii xi PKEFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Turbulent Atmospheric Diffusion: The First Twenty-Five Years, 1920- 1945. By J. K A M PL)E ~ F ~ R I E. .T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Limitations of Gradient Transport Modcls in Random Walks and in Turbulence. By STANLEY CORRSIN ........................ 25 Addendum : Random Walks on Markovian Binary Velocity Fields. By G. S.PATTERSON. JR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Height of the Mixed Layer in the Stably Stratified Planetary Boundary 73 AND s. P. S . ARYA. . . . . . . . . . . Layer. By JOOST A. BUS~NGER Transport of Heat across a Plane Turbulent Mixing Layer. By 93 HEINRICHE. FIEDLER.................................... Thermodynamic Model for the Development of a Convectively AND F. B. SMITH 1 1 1 LJnstable Boundary Layer. By D. J. CARSON Vertical Component of Turbulence in Convective Conditions. By S. J. CAUGHEY AND C. J. READINGS........................ 125 Surface Layer of the Atmosphere in Unstable Conditions. By ROBERT R. LONG................................................ 131 Numerical Simulation of Lagrangian Turbulent Quantities in Two . . . . . . . . . . . 141 and Three Dimensions. By RICHARDL. PESKIN.. The Eulerian--LagrangianRelationship Resulting from a Turbulence Model. By HJALMAR FRANZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Computational Modeling of Turbulent Transport. By JOHN L. L L ~ M I .and I ~ Y BEJANKHAWH-NOURI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .