E-Book Overview
This book gives a comprehensive, up-to-date review of all selective detectors used in combination with gas chromatography. For each detector, the historical background, design and principle are described, and the working parameters affecting the detector performance are analyzed critically and in detail. The analytical possibilities of the detectors and the main characteristics such as sensitivity, noise and minimum detectability are discussed. All the selective detectors that are currently used are discussed in detail. Combinations of GC with other techniques such as plasma emission spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectrometry, ion-selective electrodes, piezoelectric sorption detector, mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy are discussed briefly. Chromatographers and users of gas chromatographs, especially in the field of environmental protection, agriculture, clinical chemistry, and toxicology will find the book useful to their work. Institutes and organisations dealing with analytical chemistry will also find it of interest.
E-Book Content
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LIBRARY - Volume 36 selective gas chromatographic detectors This Page Intentionally Left Blank JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY LIBRARY - volume 36 selective gas chromatographic detectors M. Dressler Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Leninova 82, 61142 Bmo, Czechoslovakia ELSEVIER Amsterdam - Oxford - New York - Tokyo 1986 ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS B.V. Sara Burgerhartstraat 25 P.O. Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands Distributors for the United States and Canada: ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHING COMPANY INC. 52, Vanderbilt Avenue New York, NY 10017, U.S.A. Library of CO'lgress Cataloging-in-PubIiClltion Data Dressler, M., 1940Selective gas chromatographic detectors. (Journal of chromatography library ; v. 36) Includes bibliographies and index. 1. Gas chromatography. I. Title. II. Series. QD79.c45D74 1986 ISBN 0-444-42488-1 543'.0896 86-13366 ISBN 0-444-42488-1 (Vol. 36) ISBN 0-444-41616-1 (Series) © Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., 1986 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V./Science & Technology Division, P.O. Box 330, 1000 AH Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Special regulations for readers in the USA - This publication has been registered with the Copyright Clearance Center Inc. (CCC), Salem, Massachusetts. Information can be obtained from the CCC about conditions under which photocopies of parts of this publication may be made in the USA. All other copyright questions, including photocopying outside of the USA, should be referred to the publisher. Printed in The Netherlands CONTENTS Journal of Chromatography Library (other volumes in the series) Preface 1. Introduction References . IX XIII 3 2. Basic terms relating to detectors 2.1. Detector sensitivity 2.2. Minimum detectability 2.3. Detection limit. . . 2.4. Detector noise 2.5. Dependence of detector response on amount of compound 2.6. Selectivity of response References . . . . . . . . • • . 5 5 6 7 8 10 12 13 3. Alkali flame-ionization detector 3.1. Introduction . . . • . . . 3.2. Detector design. • . • . . 3.3. Detector life, reproducibility of response 3.4. Background current (hydrogen flow-rate) 3.5. Negative response. . • . . . . • . . . . . 3.6. Response to individual heteroatoms 3.7. Influence of compound structure on detector response 3.8. Influence of main operational parameters on detector response 3.9. Detection mechanism References .