Ultra-wideband (UWB), short-pulse (SP) electromagnetics are now being used for an increasingly wide variety of applications, including collision avoidance radar, concealed object detection, and communications. Notable progress in UWB and SP technologies has been achieved by investigations of their theoretical bases and improvements in solid-state manufacturing, computers, and digitizers. UWB radar systems are also being used for mine clearing, oil pipeline inspections, archeology, geology, and electronic effects testing. <EM>Ultra-wideband Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 9 presents selected papers of deep technical content and high scientific quality from the UWB-SP9 Conference, which was held from July 21-25, 2008, in Lausanne, Switzerland. The wide-ranging coverage includes contributions on electromagnetic theory, time-domain computational techniques, modeling, antennas, pulsed-power, UWB interactions, radar systems, UWB communications, and broadband systems and components. This book serves as a state-of-the-art reference for scientists and engineers working in these applications areas.
Ultra-Wideband, Short Pulse Electromagnetics 9 Frank Sabath · D.V. Giri · Farhad Rachidi · Armin Kaelin Editors Ultra-Wideband, Short Pulse Electromagnetics 9 123 Editors Frank Sabath Federal Ministry of Defence Armaments Directorate IV 6 Fontainengraben 150 53123 Bonn Germany
[email protected] Farhad Rachidi EPFL-STI-ISE Labo. Réseaux Électriques (LRE) 1015 Lausanne Station 11 Switzerland D.V. Giri Pro-Tech 11-C Orchard Court Alamo CA 94507 USA Armin Kaelin Meteolabor AG Hofstrasse 92 8620 Wetzikon Switzerland ISBN 978-0-387-77844-0 e-ISBN 978-0-387-77845-7 DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-77845-7 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2010923739 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) You do not really understand something unless you can explain it to your grandmother. The important thing is not to stop questioning. A theory is something nobody believes, except the person who made it. An experiment is something everybody believes, except the person who made it. Albert Einstein Nobel Prize Laureate (Physics) Preface When the first volume of the Ultra-Wideband, Short Pulse Electromagnetics book series was published in 1993, the terms ultra-wideband (UWB) and short-pulse (SP) were acronyms for challenging technologies. In 1992, the DARPA Ultra-wideband Radar Review Panel defined UWB by the need for special techniques to overcome challenging problems facing conventional systems and technologies when attempting to operate over a broad range of frequencies. Since then notable progress in UWB and SP technologies has been achieved. As a result, wideband systems are now being used for an increasingly wide variety of applications. UWB radar systems are used for coll